Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect
Materials Today: Proceedings 5 (2018) 21905–21910
www.materialstoday.com/proceedings
2214-7853 © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of The 3rd International Conference on Green Chemical Engineering and Technology (3rd
GCET): Materials Science, 07-08 November 2017.
The 3
rd
International Conference on Green Chemical Engineering Technology
(3
rd
GCET_2017): Materials Science
Sunflower shell waste as an alternative animal feed
Nor Surayah Osman, Norzahir Sapawe
*
, Muhammad Adhwa’Uthaqif Sapuan,
Muhammad Farhan Mohd Fozi, Muhd Haikal Iskandar Fakhrul Azman, Adam Harith
Zafrul Fazry, Muhammad Zafri Haiqal Zainudin, Muhammad Farhan Hanafi
Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology (UniKL MICET), Lot 1988 Vendor
City, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
Abstract
Utilization of waste from food manufacturing processes in animal feed is not a novel concept. As one of the five oil crops second
to bean and cotton, Helianthus annuus or sunflower. L has received more and more favour due to the good taste and superb
medicinal effect of its seed. Higher demand in sunflower oil and other affiliated industry has generate an abundant source of
sunflower shell. This study focuses on the conversion of sunflower shell as alternative animal feed. Initial study been performed
on collected waste sunflower shell after its been prepared into powder. Chemical composition analysis demonstrates high
percentage of lignin (50%) and crude fibre (21%), indicate that major constituent of sunflower shell is made up of carbohydrate.
Other composition including water 6.5%, lipid 5.17%, amino acid 4 % and ash 2.1%. Biological analysis via viable plate count
shown that number of microbes is too few too count. Toxicity analysis based on BSLA provide its chronic toxicity is 1g/ml
which define that sunflower shell powder is low in toxicity. The formulation of sunflower shell has successfully converted this
by-product into pellet that suitable for animal consumption.
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of The 3rd International Conference on Green Chemical Engineering and Technology (3rd
GCET): Materials Science, 07-08 November 2017.
Keywords: Sunflower shell; Animal feed; Pellet; Chemical composition; BSLA
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +6013-5757795
E-mail address: norzahir@unikl.edu.my