International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-12, October 2020 113 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijitee.K78540991120 DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.K7854.1091220 Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship Operation near Small Traditional Wooden and Fishing Boat Diaz Saputra, Haryono Soeparno, TogarAlam Napitupulu Abstract: The advancement of IoTand thedream of having transportation mode where there is no human presence on board comes true. We have proceedin to the stage where artificial intelligence (AI) technology brings efficiencies in almost all sectors. Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) is available now and soon it is expected to be a marine mode of transportation that can sail all over the world. It may visit a place where there is so much difference in culture and custom with the place where it built. While there are several ships with difference of technology used,meet on the same layer of sea surface at the same time.The difficulties in interacting for those type of ships with different technology may exist. The worst condition is that collision accident may occur if one could not detect the presence of other. Present technology of radar detection is still having weakness of detecting small wooden boat. Especially during bad weather and rough seas. The nature of fishing boat fleet where mostly stay still in the middle of ocean during fishing period, might bring the risk of collision if they are not detected properly by the passing MASS. This paper is highlighting the risk of collision between these type of vessels, the options to prevent the risk of collision accidentthat can be implemented both for MASS and Small Traditional Wooden and Fishing Boatare proposed. There are several models that can be used to solve that problem with pros and cons of each option. At the end of the paper, it will be proposed the most effective and efficient method that can be used to prevent such accident. Keywords: autonomous ship, small wooden boat, detection, risk of collision. I. INTRODUCTION A. Research Background Small wooden boats that are built traditionally by local people in the islandshave existed since long time ago. They still exist and become important public transportation between islands in this archipelagic country. They take important roles as a public transportation and also widely being used as a fishing boat. These boats known, as sampan or lete-lete is a low freeboard wooden boat that normally sailed by a single person to catch fish. Some of these small boats have also been used as public transportation that connecting island to island in Indonesia. They have been used widely and available across archipelagic nations in Indonesia. The fishing boats works in a group. The fleets are operated in the night at sea. They sail in a group and willstay whole night at least until the time to return to the homeport in the morning. They stay still for several hours in a darkness of the night at sea. That is after they letting go their nets. Revised Manuscript Received on September 25, 2020. * Correspondence Author Diaz Saputra*, Doctorate of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia, diaz.saputra@binus.ac.id HaryonoSoeparno, Department of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, 11480, Jakarta, Indonesia TogarAlamNapitupulu, Department of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, 11480, Jakarta, Indonesia They will stay for several hours before they heave it in the morning. During that waiting time they will stay calm and most of them will unlit the light. Even though they are in huge group of wooden boats, their presences are hardly identified by most of ship’s radar especially during bad weather. The development of unmanned ship that known as autonomous ship has recently become a new era of sea transportation mode. This will definitely eliminate the presence of ship’s crew and further any navigating officer as well. That means that the operation of ship is being done without any human directly control the operation. This remark the new era of ship’s model operation. The benefit is cutting operation cost. These types of ships have been equipped with lots of advanced navigational equipment and sensors available presently in the market. One of them is Radar ARPA, one of important navigation equipment used for collision avoidance. The problem is how sensitive the radar can pick up target of typical small wooden boats and fishing boats in this region, where the boats are different from common fishing boat in European countries. These difficulties of identification of wooden boats by ship’s radar may also happened for the autonomous ships which are equipped with the same kind of radar and its getting worst that there is no human as natural eyes identifying object for the lookout. Several advantages of autonomous ships are eliminating human error, reducing crewing costs, more space can be used for cargo. There are several disadvantages too. There are among others such as capital expenditure in early stages of development of initial investment in technology will be high. Setting up on shore ship’s monitoring system will be another investment to install. However since this model of ship has been developed and some of them have been well run in developed region, made these problem solved. Difficulties in identification of these boats are expected to be one of problems for autonomous ship sailing in the same region. The same difficulties was encountered by Officer On Watch (OOW) and the look out while they combined the use of electronic navigation and detection system such a Radar and ARPA together with visual lookout, the autonomous ships will only rely on its electronic navigation system. Therefore both of small wooden boat and autonomous ship have to take several precautions to avoid collision. B. Purpose of This Research This research is made with regards to identifyproblem that may arise for autonomous ship operating in region where there are the presence small wooden boat that difficult to identify are exist. The preparedness of small wooden boat less than gross tonnage 7 to be able to be identified easily and information to be taken into account for autonomous ship’s operator is explained in this paper.