Health, 2021, 13, 1410-1430 https://www.scirp.org/journal/health ISSN Online: 1949-5005 ISSN Print: 1949-4998 DOI: 10.4236/health.2021.1311101 Nov. 30, 2021 1410 Health Knowledge of Zika Virus Disease Prevention Methods, among Female Caregivers That Bring Babies for Immunization in a Teaching Hospital, Southeast Nigeria Edmund O. Ndibuagu 1,2,3* , Peter E. Chime 2,4 , Sylvester O. Nweze 2,3,5 1 Department of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, Enugu State University College of Medicine, Enugu, Nigeria 2 Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria 3 Esucom Health Care Delivery Research Initiative, Enugu State University College of Medicine, Enugu, Nigeria 4 Department of Medicine, Enugu State University College of Medicine, Enugu, Nigeria 5 Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Enugu State University College of Medicine, Enugu, Nigeria Abstract Zika virus disease is a disease of public health importance and was declared a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern”, by the World Health Organization on February 1, 2016. It is mostly transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitos. Transmission can also occur through blood transfusion and sexual intercourse. It could cause microce- phaly and other neurological problems in newborns and adults, such as Guil- lain-Barre syndrome. It could also lead to abortion and stillbirth in pregnant women. Prevention methods are essentially targeted at transmission routes, which are mosquito bite, sexual intercourse, and blood transfusion. The study was of observational, descriptive, cross-sectional design, and conducted in a tertiary health institution in the Southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty-six female caregivers participated in the study, with most of them being within the childbearing age group, and educated up to tertiary level. The objective was to assess the knowledge of Zika virus infection pre- vention methods, among female caregivers that bring babies for immuniza- tion in a Teaching Hospital, Southeast Nigeria. Out of the eight questions that sought to assess the knowledge level of the respondents, they scored 50% and above only in three, which were on prevention through protection against mosquito bite (60.5%), avoiding unnecessary blood transfusion in endemic areas (53.9%), and avoidance of oily meals not being a preventive measure (51.2%). Respondents in the childbearing age group, and those with higher How to cite this paper: Ndibuagu, E.O., Chime, P.E. and Nweze, S.O. (2021) Knowledge of Zika Virus Disease Preven- tion Methods, among Female Caregivers That Bring Babies for Immunization in a Teaching Hospital, Southeast Nigeria. Health, 13, 1410-1430. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2021.1311101 Received: September 26, 2021 Accepted: November 27, 2021 Published: November 30, 2021 Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access