Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Theoretical and Applied Genetics https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-018-3147-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) of Oryza rhizomatis in Oryza sativa: production, cytology, alien trait introgression, molecular analysis and breeding application Sherry Lou Hechanova 1  · Manas R. Prusty 1  · Sung‑Ryul Kim 1  · LaRue Ballesfn 1  · Joie Ramos 1  · G. D. Prahalada 1  · Kshirod K. Jena 1 Received: 6 May 2018 / Accepted: 14 July 2018 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Key message Development of MAALs and disomic introgression lines derived from the cross between O. sativa and O. rhizomatis to exploit and utilize the valuable traits for rice improvement. Abstract The CC genome wild species, Oryza rhizomatis, possesses valuable traits for rice improvement. Unlike other CC genome wild rice, O. rhizomatis is less studied and none of the research has focused on the utilization of this resource in rice breeding. The transfer of novel genes governing the valuable traits from O. rhizomatis is difcult due to high genome incompatibility with O. sativa. Here we report the development of backcross progenies and complete sets of monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) for the frst time from O. rhizomatis in O. sativa line IR31917-45-3-2. Autotetraploid IR31917-45- 3-2 (4x = AAAA) was used to generate allotriploid F 1 , and the F 1 plant was backcrossed to IR31917-45-3-2 (2x). Forty-seven BC 1 F 1 and 73 BC 2 F 1 plants were produced with chromosome numbers ranging from 24 to 33 (2x + 9) and 24 to 27 (2x + 3), respectively. A complete set of MAALs were identifed by morphological, cytological and marker-based analysis. A total of 116 CC genome-specifc InDel markers across the 12 chromosome of rice were used to detect O. rhizomatis chromosome segments in F 1 , BC 1 F 1 , BC 2 F 2 , MAALs and disomic introgression lines (DILs). Expressions of major phenotypic traits inherited from O. rhizomatis were observed in MAAL-derived DILs. Small chromosomal segments of O. rhizomatis for chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 and 12 were detected in DILs, and some of the introgression lines showed insect resistance against brown planthopper and green leafhopper. These newly developed MAALs and DILs will be useful for gene mining and more precise faster transfer of favorable genes to improve rice cultivars. Introduction The genus Oryza consisted of two cultivated (O. sativa and O. glaberrima) and 22 wild species with 11 genome types such as AA, BB, CC, BBCC, CCDD, EE, FF, GG, HHJJ, HHKK and KKLL) which are distributed in diferent geographical locations worldwide (Jena 2010; Marathi et al. 2015). Wild species of Oryza are rich in genetic variabil- ity for various benefcial traits and are the novel sources of germplasm for rice improvement. The 22 wild species were classifed into primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools based on their degree of cross-compatibility with the cultivated species. Wild rice species are phenotypically inferior to cultivated rice; however, they are the important reservoirs of useful genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses (Khush and Brar 2017). Hence, there is a need to tap these hidden traits/genes and utilize these to enrich and improve the cultivated rice. The transfers of useful traits from AA genome are easier, while it is difcult for the dis- tant genome due to high degree of genome incompatibility. Advances in tissue culture, molecular biology, genomics and in situ hybridization technologies led to provide great opportunities to exploit and utilize the favorable attributes Communicated by Takuji Sasaki. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-018-3147-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kshirod K. Jena Kshirodjena86@gmail.com 1 Novel Gene Resources Laboratory, Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines