International Surgery Journal | June 2022 | Vol 9 | Issue 6 Page 1179 International Surgery Journal Ray M et al. Int Surg J. 2022 Jun;9(6):1179-1187 http://www.ijsurgery.com pISSN 2349-3305 | eISSN 2349-2902 Original Research Article Study of etiopathogenesis and various surgical techniques used in incisional hernia Mausam Ray 1 , Minati Mohapatra 2 , Srikant Panda 3 , Ashok K. Sarangi 4 , K. Kiran Babu 5 , Anshuman Sarangi 4 * INTRODUCTION An incisional hernia after open or laparoscopic surgery is an abdominal wall defect that develops at the site of previously made incision through the abdominal wall with or without a bulge visible and palpable when the patient is standing and often requires support or repair. 1 Incisional hernia is the only abdominal hernia that is result of diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. It was described analogous with post operative ventral hernia, as large majority of such hernias do occur after midline, paramedian and oblique incisions in anterolateral region of abdominal wall. Many factors associated with incisional hernia like age, sex, obesity, chest infections, type of ABSTRACT Background: Incisional hernia is the only abdominal hernia that is iatrogenic. For many years, the repair of incisional hernia was associated with a high recurrence rate. Laparoscopic technique of hernia repair has revolutionized the treatment of incisional hernia repair by reducing the morbidity and less hospital stay to the patient. With the above background we performed a study to analyse various etiological factors, study the age and sex incidence, time of occurrence of incisional hernia following various abdominal incision and to compare various surgical modalities based on size of incisional hernia. Methods: Patients admitted with incisional hernia during October 2017 to September 2019 at S. C. B. Medical College and hospital are taken up for study with the help of relevant history, clinical examination and appropriate investigations. Results: The mean age of the patients in open group is 45.66 years and 44.3 years in laparoscopy group. Out of the 51 patients in open group 13 (25.5%) are male while 38 (74.5%) are females where as in laparoscopy group, out of the 31 patients 10 (32.3) are males while 21 (67.7) are females. Out of 82 patients, maximum number of patients presented with swelling 60 (73.3%) followed by swelling and pain 19 (33.3%). The overall complication rate in open group was 45.09%, while in laparoscopy group it is 19.4%. Conclusions: The main etiological factors identified for the occurrence of incisional hernia were wound related complications, faulty techniques, comorbid conditions. Hence the incidence of the incisional hernia can be decreased by preventing these factors. Keywords: Incisional hernia, Etiological factors, Laparoscopic surgery 1 Department of General Surgery, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India 2 Department of Physiology, Fakir Mohan Medical College and Hospital, Balasore, Odisha, India 3 Department of Surgery, Bhima Bhoi Medical College and Hospital, Balangir, Odisha, India 4 Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India 5 R-Biopharm Neugen Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana, India Received: 29 March 2022 Revised: 01 May 2022 Accepted: 04 May 2022 *Correspondence: Dr. Anshuman Sarangi, E-mail: anshumanbbsr2@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20221408