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ISSN 1560-0904, Polymer Science, Series B
© Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2017.
Preparation of Conductive, Flexible and Transparent Films
by In Situ Deposition of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles
on Polyethylene Terephthalate
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Mohammad Fallahian
a
, Behzad Pourabbas
a,
*, Mehdi Sharif
b
, Kamran Froutani
a
,
Mehrnoosh Mahmoodian
a
, and Mahdi Mohammadizadeh
a
a
Department of Polymer Engineering, Nanostructured Materials Research Centre,
Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
b
Departments of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
*e-mail: pourabas@sut.ac.ir
Received July 28, 2016;
Revised Manuscript Received December 26, 2016
Abstract—In this study polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles were deposited as a thin film on the modified surface
of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) by in situ chemical polymerization in the presence of sodium dodecyl-
sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBSNa) and mixture of them as the surfactant. The surface
of PET was modified by KOH before deposition and was investigated for conductivity and adhesion of PPy
nanoparticles to PET. Resulting conductive flexible films were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, field-
emission scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurements and four-point-probe technique for
conductivity. Direct morphological observation (FESEM) and electrical measurements indicated that the
morphology, conductivity and the nature of deposited PPy films depend on surfactant, surface modification
of PET and monomer concentration. In optimized process condition, uniform conductive films of PPy were
obtained with good adhesion to PET.
DOI: 10.1134/S156009041703006X
INTRODUCTION
In 1977, Shirakawa et al. [1] observed that almost
insulating π-conjugated polyacetylene becomes con-
ductive with a conductivity of about 10
3
S/cm by
iodine doping. This unexpected discovery had broken
the traditional concept that organic polymers can be
only insulators and established a new kind of poly-
mers, which called later as Synthetic Metals. Later on,
many other types of conductive polymer with conju-
gated π-electron structure such as polyaniline
(PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PTh),
polyfuran (PFu), poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) and poly-
carbazole (PCz) were synthesized and investigated [2,
3]. Although, a wide variety of electrically conducting
polymers are now available polypyrrole (PPy) due to
its outstanding physical and chemical properties [1] in
addition to ease of synthesis, had become amongst the
most extensively studied conducting polymers [4].
Technologically, PPy has very high potential for appli-
cations inmolecular electronic devices [4], display
devices [5], electrodes of lithium-ion batteries [6],
electro-magnetic interference shielding materials
[7],membranes, antistatic for mulations and sensors
[8, 9]. Bleha et al. studied the composite polyethylene +
PPy in order to use as a membrane [10]. In the flexible
display technology, flexibility depends to the substrate
properties. Three kinds of material which are consid-
ered as a f lexible substrates are: thin glass films, metal
foils and polymeric films [11]. Thin glass films are
bendable with desired qualities of glass [12] but they
are still too brittle to be used as a flexible substrate.
Metal foils are excellent barrier materials to moisture
and oxygen, perfect thermal conductivity without the
problems of being brittle [13] however, they are chem-
ically reactive, susceptible for corrosion and are too
expensive materials in some cases to be used in large
display panels. Plastic materials however, from the
other hand, are the best candidates due to their rea-
sonable tradeoffs in mechanical, optical, and chemical
performance. They are inexpensive and useful mate-
rial for in-line production via roll-to-roll (RTR) pro-
cesses and they can be used in multilayer-engineered
substrates in most practical applications such as in liq-
uid crystal display (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED)
devices and organic LEDs (OLED). Recently amor-
phous thermoplastic materials such as cyclic olefin
copolymers (COC) are being used for electronic
devices applications which are transparent, light in
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The article is published in the original.
FUNCTIONAL
POLYMERS