Open Agriculture. 2017; 2: 431–441
1 Introduction
South Africa annually produces around 60,000 tons of
sweet potato (DAFF 2014), a much lower production than
most other countries in sub-Saharan Africa (FAOSTAT
2014). Notwithstanding, sweet potato is an important
indigenized root crop in South Africa and a popular
traditional crop in the northern subtropical regions of the
country (Laurie et al. 2015b). The sweet potato industry in
South Africa is notably different as there is, on one end,
a small number of large commercial mechanized farmers
and, on the other end, the crop features prominently in
smallholder cropping systems delivering to the informal
markets. Smallholder and subsistence farmers easily
include sweet potato in their cropping programmes
because of its versatility, ease to cultivate and hardiness.
Additionally, many people are starting to note the value
of orange cultivars as rich sources of provitamin A (Laurie
et al. 2015b). This is of great importance since Vitamin
A deficiency (VAD) in South Africa is a national public
health problem with 43.6% of one- to nine-year-olds being
vitamin A deficient (Shisana et al. 2013). The same survey
also indicated that food security is at an unfavourable
level, with 28.3% of the population at risk of hunger
and 26.0% already experience hunger. Based on these
alarming statistics, sweet potato is promoted for food and
nutrition security. While the estimated informal market of
25,000 – 30,000 t for sweet potato brings an opportunity
for income generation and enterprise development,
there is a large potential for processing sweet potato into
various products, such as biscuits, doughnuts, juice and
chips that can be processed on kitchen-scale (Laurie et al.
2015b, but may be scaled to commercial size with higher
sweet potato production.
Since 1995, the ARC-VOP breeding programme
has been focussing on high yield, good root quality,
adaptability, high dry mass and sweet taste. Furthermore,
in 2003, β-carotene became the major breeding goal of the
programme. Cultivars released include Ndou and Monate
(2003), Impilo (2007), Bophelo (2011), and Mvuvhelo
(2013), while a line from the International Potato Centre
https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2017-0047
received December 10, 2016; accepted June 5, 2017
Abstract: Several new sweet potato cultivars have been
released in South Africa from 2004 until 2011 with varietal
traits suitable for the informal market. This paper reports
on results of on-farm trials conducted to evaluate the
cultivars in broader agro-ecologies in the country. The
trials were conducted at 15 localities across the 2011/12
to 2014/15 planting seasons including six cultivars with
varying flesh colours. Data collection included marketable
and unmarketable storage root yield classes, dry mass,
and taste acceptability. The sites were representative
of cool subtropical and warm temperate regions.
Statistical analysis included ANOVA, AMMI, Discriminant
analysis (DA) and Principal component analysis (PCA).
Significant effects were detected for locality*cultivar
and region*cultivar interactions for total and marketable
yield, and for cultivar only for marketable yield. The factor
region was not significant. The mean marketable yield
ranged from 13.1 to 19.0 t/ha, being highest for 199062.1
and Ndou, while Bophelo had average stable yield over
a broad range of environments. The most prevalent
unmarketable class was weevil damage (15.1%). The study
demonstrated PCA and DA as quick analytical tools to
associate quality traits with cultivars to facilitate cultivar
recommendations. Bophelo and Ndou had been sold with
success on local informal markets and have large potential
to be promoted wider.
Keywords: AMMI, discriminant analysis, sweetpotato,
yield
Research Article
Sunette Laurie*, Frikkie Calitz, Musa Mtileni, Whelma Mphela, Sidwell Tjale
Performance of informal market sweet potato
cultivars in on-farm trials in South Africa
*Corresponding author: Sunette Laurie, Agricultural Research Council-
Vegetable and Ornamental Plants (ARC-VOP), Pretoria, South Africa;
E-mail: slaurie@arc.agric.za
Musa Mtileni, Whelma Mphela, Sidwell Tjale, Agricultural Research
Council-Vegetable and Ornamental Plants (ARC-VOP), Pretoria, South
Africa
Frikkie Calitz, Agricultural Research Council-Biometry, Pretoria,
South Africa
Open Access. © 2017 Sunette Laurie, et al., published by De Gruyter Open. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License.