JLUMHS SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2008 157 Original Article ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus is a medical disorder characterized by varying or persistent hyperglycemia resulting from the defective secretion or action of the insulin. As the serious complications of diabetes mellitus are associated with control and duration of the disease, so this study was planned to observe the frequency of control of blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus. DESIGN: A descriptive study SETTING: This study was designed at Mohammad Medical College Mirpurkhas Sind. Patients were collected in months of Jan-Mar 2008 in a weekly blood sugar camp arranged at MMC hos- pital. METHODS: Five hundred diagnosed patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in this study. Their parameters were recorded in detail on pre-designed proforma. Control of blood sugar was evaluated by fasting blood sugar, 2 hours postprandial blood sugar, urine detailed report and hemoglobin A1C. RESULTS: Majority of patients had unacceptable control of diabetes mellitus. Three hundred and sixty-six (73.2%) patients had poor control of blood glucose, while only 134(26.8%) patients had acceptable control of blood glucose. CONCLUSION: This study proved that control of blood glucose remained poor, i.e. 73.2% pa- tients remained uncontrolled even after attempts to treat the disease; it shows that because of this poor control of blood glucose huge number of patients in future will land up with serious complications. Huge number (93.2%) patients had no knowledge about the disease. INTRODUCTION The word diabetes was coined by Aretaeus (81–133 CE) of Cappadocia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a dis- ease that was rare among youth 20 to 30 years ago, now represents as many as 45% of all cases of diabe- tes among youth. 1 Studies show that approximately one third of youth are overweight or obese, represent- ing a tripling since the 1960s and 1970s. In 2006, ac- cording to the World Health Organization at least 246 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes. Its inci- dence is increasing rapidly, and it is estimated that by the year 2025, this number will increase to 380 mil- lion. 2 Diabetes mellitus is a medical disorder charac- terized by varying or persistent hyperglycemia result- ing from the defective secretion or action of the insu- lin. There are two predominant forms of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes (previously called juvenile onset dia- betes) is characterized by decreased or absent pro- duction of the insulin. Type 2 diabetes (previously called adult onset diabetes), the more common form, is characterized by body tissue resistance to insulin action, though decreased secretion of insulin can also occur. Type1 diabetes almost always requires insulin injections for survival, whereas type 2 diabetes can often be managed by dietary monitoring, weight re- duction, exercise, and oral medication. Insulin is used in type 2 diabetes if oral medication proves ineffective or has intolerable side effects. Most cases of type 2 diabetes are treated with medication, although about 20% of them may be managed by lifestyle changes alone. In type 2 diabetes insulin levels are initially nor- mal or elevated, later falling, but peripheral tissues lose responsiveness to insulin (known as "insulin re- sistance"). Type 2 diabetes is a more complex prob- lem than type 1 but is often easier to treat, since insu- lin is still produced, especially in the initial years. Type 2 diabetes may go unnoticed for years in a patient before diagnosis, since the symptoms are typically milder. However, severe complications can result from unnoticed type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the prevalence is set to increase dramatically over the coming decades. Novel investigational techniques based on magnetic resonance spectroscopy have al- lowed real-time insight into the molecular defects in Frequency of Control of Blood Glucose in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Tertiary Medical Care Unit Mumtaz Ali Shaikh, Khalid Shaikh, Muzaffar Shaikh, Dur-e-Yakta, Dargahi Shaikh and Rafi Ahmed Ghori