P. Mueller, J.-N. Cao, and C.-L. Wang (Eds.): Infoscale 2009, LNICST 18, pp. 162–174, 2009.
© Institute for Computer Science, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2009
Hasten Dynamic Frame Slotted ALOHA Algorithm for
Fast Identification in RFID System
Siti M. Wasikon and Mustafa M. Deris
Faculty of Information Technology and Multimedia,
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
{mahfuzoh,mmustafa}@uthm.edu.my
Abstract. The problems of identifying a set of tagged objects simultaneously in
an RFID network have hampered the adoption of RFID universally. When mul-
tiple tags transmit their IDs in a single period of time to a single reader over a
shared wireless channel, the tag signals may collide. This collision will disturb
the reader’s identification process. Hence, we proposed a modified version of
Accelerated Frame Slotted ALOHA protocol called Hasten Dynamic Frame
Slotted ALOHA (HDFSA) to condense a number of retransmission for one tag,
thereby reducing the processing time. In HDFSA, the unread tag will be
provided with a new slot in the subsequent reading cycle. The simulation con-
ducted revealed that HDFSA outperformed the present Accelerated Frame Slot-
ted ALOHA up to 78 percent in terms of processing time with less complexity,
while preserving the accuracy of tag identification.
Keywords: RFID, Tag Anti-Collision, Unread Tag.
1 Introduction
In the early stage of RFID existence, various study have shown that RFID system
provides an efficient and inexpensive mechanism for automatically collecting the
identity information of an object [1]. This automatic identification (autoID) device
operates by transmitting a signal (radio wave) from the reader to the tags. Every
command that broadcast by a reader will be processed by all the tags within the range
of reader. The reader then will recognize the objects through the ID that given by tags.
A simultaneous data transmission by several tags to a single reader will lead to mu-
tual interference, and therefore to data loss which also known as tag collision [2]
occurred. Tag collision makes RFID loss their usefulness as a quick, flexible, and
reliable method to electronically detect [3] a variety of objects in one time. This is
especially critical for passive tag due to its limitation to detect collisions or to figure
out neighboring tags. Therefore, the need for anti-collision protocol is necessary to
enable the recognition of multiple tags in a single time.
In general, there are two types of familiar tag anti-collision for passive tags,
namely ALOHA based and tree based protocols. Tree-based protocols such as the
binary tree protocol [4], [5] and the query tree protocol [6], [7], [8] operate by travers-
ing the node sequentially. Every tag that transmits their ID in the same time will form