Context and Implications Document for:
Developing caring relationships in schools:
a review of the research on caring and
nurturing pedagogies
Andrea Velasquez
1
, Richard E. West
1
, Charles Graham
1
and
Richard Osguthorpe
2
1
Brigham Young University, USA and
2
Boise State University, USA
This guide accompanies the following article: Andrea Velasquez, Richard E. West, Charles Graham
and Richard Osguthorpe, Developing caring relationships in schools: a review of the research on
caring and nurturing pedagogies, Review of Education, 10.1002/rev3.3014
Author’s Introduction
In many ways, it could be argued that the field of education has strayed from our
primary responsibility to help teachers connect to students in meaningful ways.
Perhaps it is because in our technological society, innovations in technologies
often seem to drive educational theory and practice. Perhaps it is because of our
focus on standards and testing, which could put a disproportionate emphasis on
the knowledge learned rather than the relationships developed. In any case, many
researchers and theorists have expressed a need to answer what role care plays in
education, particularly since, at its core, education is about the humans involved
in teaching and learning. In this paper, we define the concept of caring pedagogy,
and synthesize research in this area in order to better understand what we know
about caring in education, and what future research is needed to extend our
understanding.
Implications for Practice
The research indicates that utilizing a caring pedagogy can improve learning, particu-
larly when teachers use modeling, dialogue, practice, and confirmation at the individ-
ual and community level. To nurture students, educators should first understand the
components of caring, according to Noddings’ theory, which defines caring not as a
single act or feeling, but a relationship (Noddings, 1984). Also, research has shown
that caring can be influenced by race, gender and culture, although this is still under-
examined in the research. Finally, online learning is exploding across all levels of
© 2013 British Educational Research Association
Review of Education
Vol. 1, No. 2, June 2013, pp. 191–193
DOI: 10.1002/rev3.3015