IJARSCT ISSN (Online) 2581-9429 International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT) Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2022 Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-3442 5 www.ijarsct.co.in Impact Factor: 6.252 Green Protocol for the Synthesis of 2, 4, 5- Trisubstituted Imidazole Derivatives Catalyzed by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (Copper Oxide NPs) Shahabaj M. Bagwan 1 , Sharif A. Kazi 2 , Mohamad Asif 3 Maulana Azad Research Center, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India 1 Department of Chemistry, LCMACS College, Mandangad, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India 2 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India 3 Corresponding Authors: bagwanshahabaj@gmail.com Abstract: A facile, efficient and one pot synthesis of 2, 4, 5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives via the condensation of benzil, substituted benzaldehydes and ammonium acetate using copper oxide NPs in presence of ethanol as a solvent under reflux. Copper oxide NPs is an effective catalyst and easy for separation. Copper oxide NPs also as a green catalyst, low cost, environmental friendly catalyst used for these reaction carried out under reflux. The remarkable advantages of this methodology are simple operation, short reaction time, clean reaction ways and high to excellent yield of product. The synthesized Copper oxides NPs are characterized by UV-Visible spectra, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission-Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis. In UV-visible spectra, a peak was obtained at 427.50 nm due to inter band transmission of core electron. The pattern of XRD analysis showed particle size of 25-85 Nm and it reveals high crystallinity of the Copper oxide NPs. In FE-SEM, the average size of synthesized nanoparticles is about 55 nm according to measurement software. Keywords: Benzil, Substituted benzaldehyde, Ammonium acetate, Copper oxide NPs. I. INTRODUCTION Imidazole and their derivatives are important heterocyclic compounds because of their synthetic utility and their broad range of synthetic, biological and medicinal applications. Imidazole and their derivatives were used for the synthesis of various types of medicinal compounds having a good therapeutic values such as antimicrobial 1-2 , anti-HCV 3 , anti-tumor 4 , Leishmanicidal 5 , anti-convulsant 6 , GABA up take inhibitory 7 , cytotoxic 8-9 , anti-cancer 10 , anti-proliferative 11-12 , anti- tubercular 13 , antifungal 14-15 , anti-candidal activity 16 , anti-bacterial 17-18 , anti-inflammatory 19-20 , Therapeutic activity 21 , and anti-viral 22-23 activities etc. The some various substituted imidazole acts as plant growth regulators 24 , p38α MAP Kinase Inhibitors 25 , β-Raf Kinase 26 , Glucagon receptors 27 , anti-amoebic activity 28 etc. In recent years, numerous methods have been developed for the synthesis of 2, 4, 5-trisubstituted imidazole using various catalyst including Sulfuric Acid Immobilized on Silica Gel 29 , Ceric Ammonium Nitrate 30 , L-Proline 31 , ZrCl4 32 , a Metal– Organic Framework Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO) 33 , KMnO4/CuSO4 34 , PEG-400 35 , benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride (BTPPC) 36 , 3-picolinic acid 37 , HNO3 in Microwave irradiation 38 , Indium (III) Triflate and Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate 39 , Fe3O4 and Cu2O nanoparticles 40 , Fly Ash Supported Bi2O3-ZnO 41 etc. Copper oxide NPs are eco-friendly, less expensive catalyst and its many biological and medicinal activities 42 . Copper oxide NPs can be prepared in low concentration of Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf extract without using any additional harmful chemical methods 43 . In the present work, an efficient synthesis of 2, 4, 5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives by the condensation of benzil, various substituted benzaldehyde and ammonium acetate using Copper oxide NPs as a catalyst in presence of ethanol under reflux.