ORIGINAL ARTICLE Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma—Still an Enigma? G. Sumangala 1 • T. S. Premalatha 1 • Kiran Abhijit Kulkarni 1 • Geeta Acharya 1 • Vishakha C. Bidkar 1 • Julian Crasta 2 • Elizabeth Vallikad 1 Received: 22 November 2016 / Revised: 24 January 2017 / Accepted: 27 January 2017 / Published online: 6 February 2017 Ó Association of Gynecologic Oncologists of India 2017 Abstract Purpose Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) accounts for 10–15% of all endometrial carcinomas. Poor outcome is because of higher stage at presentation and relapse in the upper abdomen. The purpose of this study was to analyse clinical and surgico-pathological features of UPSC. Methods Data was retrieved from medical records of patients with UPSC between March 2013 and August 2016. Patients underwent surgical staging or received neoadju- vant chemotherapy (NACT) in inoperable cases. Myome- trial invasion (MI), lymphovascular invasion (LVSI) and metastases to lymph nodes were noted. Patients were staged according to FIGO 2009. Adjuvant chemotherapy (paclitaxel, carboplatin and epirubicin) with or without adjuvant radiotherapy was given. Survival was noted on follow-up. Results Ten patients were identified with UPSC. Complete surgical staging in five of ten and NACT in two patients were given. FIGO stage IA was observed in one patient and three each in IIIC2, IVB and stage unknown. MI of more than 50% in eight, LVSI in seven and lymph node metas- tases in five patients were seen. Adjuvant chemotherapy was received by nine and adjuvant radiotherapy in three patients. Two patients expired within 6 and 8 months after therapy. One patient had intra-abdominal recurrence 2 years after treatment. Conclusion Complete cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant platinum-/taxane-based chemotherapy with or without adjuvant radiotherapy should be the choice of treatment. Multi-centre collaborative studies are required in aiding treatment. Keywords Uterine papillary serous carcinoma Á Endometrial cancer Á Chemotherapy Á Radiotherapy Purpose Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is a type II endometrial carcinoma accounting for 10–15% of all endometrial carcinomas [1–5]. They present with different clinical and histopathological features and have poor out- come when compared to more commonly seen endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus [6–8]. About 50% of uterine cancer recurrences and 50% deaths due to endometrial carcinoma are because of these high-risk his- tological subtypes [9]. The poor outcome in UPSC is often because of higher stage at the time of presentation and relapse in the upper abdomen [7, 8]. Randomised control & G. Sumangala sgskp13@gmail.com T. S. Premalatha premalatha_siddartha@yahoo.co.in Kiran Abhijit Kulkarni kiranabhijit@gmail.com Geeta Acharya drgeeta13@gmail.com Vishakha C. Bidkar vishakha.amresh@gmail.com Julian Crasta ravinjul35@gmail.com Elizabeth Vallikad elizabethvallikad@gmail.com 1 Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, St. John’s Medical College, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore 560034, India 2 Department of Pathology, St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore, India 123 Indian J Gynecol Oncolog (2017) 15:11 DOI 10.1007/s40944-017-0102-8