Framenets and constructiCons Lars Borin and Benjamin Lyngfelt This chapter will treat descriptive linguistic resources based on frame semantics and construction grammar, namely framenets and constructiCons. 1 First created by Fillmore and associates in Berkeley, they are now being developed for many languages and for various purposes ranging from language technology to language pedagogy. 2 A crucial characteristic of both framenets and constructiCons is that they constitute semiformally structured computational resources. In some cases these resources are closely integrated, in others less so, and in still others are entirely independent or may even lack a corresponding resource of the other type (Boas, Lyngfelt & Torrent 2019). Frame semantics and construction grammar (CxG) are often regarded as sister theories, since both are developments from Fillmore’s (1968) seminal work on semantic roles and since frame semantics is often employed to account for semantic aspects of constructions. As will be illustrated in this chapter, similar connections also hold between the theories’ applied counterparts: framenets and constructiCons. A bird’s eye view of the involved entities to be described in this chapter as well as their interrelations is sketched in Figure 1 (cf. Lyngfelt 2018: 11). Figure 1: How framenets and constructiCons are interrelated The rest of this chapter is organized as follows. As the older of the two kinds of resources, framenets are introduced and described in Section 1, where we especially note the ‘dual citizenship’ of these resources in both general and computational linguistics, with accompanying theoretical and methodological considerations. ConstructiCons and their relation to framenets and other lexical resources are discussed in Section 2. In Section 3 we 1 The capital C inside constructiCon serves to avoid confusion with the visually similar word construction. Another notation used for the same purpose is the hyphenated form construct-i-con (e.g., Goldberg 2003; Hilpert 2019). 2 For framenets, see, e.g., Gilardi & Baker (2018), Baker & Lorenzi (2020), and Dannélls et al. (2021); for constructiCons, e.g., Lyngfelt et al. (2018b), and Ziem et al. (to appear).