18 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, Vol. 18, No. 1, Juli 2021: 18-27 Comparison of somatotype profles and dietary intake of football athletes in different playing levels in Indonesia Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis Penggalih 1 , Kurnia Maratus Solichah 2 , Mustika Cahya Nirmala Dewinta 2 , Ibtidau Niamilah 2 , Almira Nadia 2 , Diana Pratiwi 2 , Dessy Hosianna 1 , Arum Darmastuti 1 , Annisa Prihastin 1 , Naila Syarifah 1 , Ratna Kusuma Ningrum 2 , Vigur Dinda Yulia Reswati 1 , Nia Bactiar 2 1 Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2 FIRST Sports Nutrition Consulting ABSTRACT Background: Anthropometry characteristic was signifcantly correlated with nutrition status, and both factors signifcantly contributed to athletes’ sports performance. Somatotype as one of the anthropometric values can be used as screening or “diagnosis” in selecting new talents. The changes in athletes’ body composition by inadequate dietary intake and over-consumption relate to the performance quality of athletes. Objective: The study aimed to compare football athletes’ somatotype profles and dietary intake in different playing levels in Indonesia. Methods: A total of 112 adolescent football athletes in 4 playing levels; elite national team (ENT), advanced senior team (AST), advanced junior team (AJT), and amateur college athletes (ACT), performed somatotype measurement and dietary intake assessments using 3x24-h food recall. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to illustrate the difference among ENT, AST, AJT, and ACT groups, while a post-hoc test was used to verify pairwise comparison. Results: All groups showed a signifcant difference in somatotype profles and dietary intake. The somatotype profle of ENT group, categorized as balanced mesomorph (2.5-5.2-2.2), was the closest to the ideal profle of elite football athletes and was the most mesomorph among other groups. The somatotype of the AST group was the least mesomorph (1.5-3.2-3.0). Adequate energy intake was found only in the ENT group, whereas inadequate (<80%) in other groups. None of the groups consume an adequate amount of carbohydrates. The lowest dietary intake was found in the lowest playing level group, ACT. The somatotype profle and dietary intake of the ENT group were the most optimum compared to other groups, although the excess intake of fat should be noticed. Conclusions: The somatotype profle of elite athletes in the ENT group was the closest to the ideal somatotype of elite football athletes in high-level competition. Dietary intake in the ENT group was also the most adequate, although the excess fat intake should be noticed. KEYWORDS: anthropometry; athlete; body composition; football; nutrition status; somatotype Corresponding author: Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis Penggalih, Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia, e-mail: mirza_hapsari@yahoo.com How to cite: Penggalih MHST, Solichah KM, Dewinta MCN, Niamilah I, Nadia A, Bactiar N, et al. Comparison of somatotype profles and dietary intake of football athletes in different playing levels on Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia. 2021;18(1):18-27. doi: 10.22146/ijcn.64653 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 1, Juli 2021 (18-27) ISSN 1693-900X (Print), ISSN 2502-4140 (Online) Tersedia online di https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jgki DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.64653 INTRODUCTION Somatotype is classification of body size and proportion for someone physique [1]. The identifcation of somatotype as one of the anthropometric values and the nutrition intake of athletes is essential because its strong relation to the performance quality of athletes. Study by Penggalih et al. in youth football athletes reported that anthropometry characteristic was significantly correlated with nutrition status, and both factors were signifcantly contributed on the sports performance of athletes [2]. Somatotype can be used as screening or “diagnosis” in selection of new talents [3]. Players from successful team tend to have more muscular and leaner physique than from unsuccessful teams [4]. Moreover regular examination somatotype of soccer player can help coaches to determine training program that would be improve athlete sports performance [5].