International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 01 | Jan 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 546
Automated Intracranial Neoplasm Detection Using Convolutional
Neural Networks
Mr. P. Veeresh Kumar
1
, N. Geetha Gayathri
2
, G. Harika
3
, Ch. Sai Poojitha
4
, G. Vyshnavi
5
T. Lakshmi
6
1
Associate Professor Department of Information Technology, KKR & KSR Institute Of Technology And
Sciences(A), Guntur, India
2,3,4,5,6
Undergraduate Students ,Department of Information Technology , KKR & KSR Institute Of Technology And
Sciences(A), Guntur, India
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Abstract - A brain tumor is nothing but an abnormal
collection of cells in the intracranial. The skull that surrounds
the brain is very hard, so when a tumor grows inside the brain,
it puts pressure on the skull and can cause serious damage. It
is regarded as one of the most dangerous diseases in both
children and adults. About 11,700 people are diagnosed with
brain tumors each year. It accounts for 85–90% of all central
nervous system tumors. The 5-year survival rate for malignant
brain tumors is approximately 34% for men and 36% for
women. Accurate diagnosis, detection of brain tumors , and
early initiation of appropriate treatment are essential to
prolonging a patient's life expectancy. Brain tumor
segmentation is one of the most important and laborious tasks
in the field of medical imaging. Manual classification with
human assistance can lead to inaccurate predictions and
diagnoses. Additionally, this is a daunting task when there is a
large amount of data that needs to be supported. Brain tumors
are highly variable in appearance, and there are similarities
between tumor tissue and normal tissue, thus making the
extraction of tumor regions from images difficult. There are
different types of imaging tests, such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT
scans, used to detect brain tumors. In this study, computed
tomography (CT) scan images are used to identify brain
tumors. Deep learning (DL) is the latest technology that
provides more efficient results in detection and classification.
In this paper, a model is developed by detecting tumors using a
convolutional neural network. In our study, CNN achieved
97.87% accuracy.
Key Words: Brain Tumor, Magnetic Resonance Image
(MRI), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Deep
Learning, Tensor Flow, Keras.
1. INTRODUCTION
We use medical imaging technology to get a glimpse inside
the human body. The most difficult task is to diagnose and
classify tumors or cancers. According to statistics, brain
tumors are one of the most important types of cancer in
terms of mortality. The International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC) reports that worldwide, more than one
million people are diagnosed with 4,444 brain tumors each
year, and the mortality rate is steadily increasing year by
year. Those under the age of 34 To date, doctors have
implemented over 4,444 advanced methods to identify more
painful tumors in patients. Using CT (computed tomography)
and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans, doctors can
now dissect abnormalities in different parts of the body.
Brain tumors have recently gained momentum due to the
increased demand for labour savings and the clinical
evaluation of large amounts of medical data. This type of
image processing and analysis involves complex calculations
of data as well as visualizing and understanding that data.
Brain tumors can originate from abnormal, precancerous,
cancerous, harmful, harmless, or non-cancerous cells that
form in the brain. He divides malignant tumors into two
types: those that originate in the brain and subsequent
cancerous growths that can spread to different areas of the
human body. Under these conditions, cancer metastasizes
within the patient's body and is said to have a very low
survival rate and a high mortality rate.
1.1 Brain Tumor
The brain is a soft tissue mass that resembles a sponge that
is covered in bone. The brain is lined with a delicate layer of
tissue, including cerebrospinal fluid. Between the brain and
the ventricles, there is cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrum,
cerebellum, and brainstem are the three components that
make up the brain. The brain reacts to external stimuli. The
cerebellum maintains the body's equilibrium. The brain and
spinal cord are linked by the brainstem. A brain tumor is
recognized as an overgrowth of the numerous cells that
make up the brain. Primary and secondary cells are both
present. While secondary cells are spared by metastasis from
other parts of the body to the brain, primary cells come from
the brain itself. Some metastases spread rapidly. Some
metastases spread fairly quickly and exhibit symptoms like
seizures, speech difficulties, nausea, and blurred vision. It
can be fatal if not treated in a timely manner. This is due to
EDA, which is brought on by decreased blood flow and the
subsequent deterioration of healthy tissue as a result of the
skull's constrained interior and growing intracranial
pressure. Electronic healthcare systems and magnetic field
information technology aid clinical professionals in giving
patients better care. A brain tumor can affect other nearby