1 3
Arch Microbiol
DOI 10.1007/s00203-014-1040-9
ORGINAL PAPER
Bacillus lonarensis sp. nov., an alkalitolerant bacterium isolated
from a soda lake
Sultanpuram Vishnuvardhan Reddy ·
Mothe Thirumala · Mohammed Farooq ·
Chintalapati Sasikala · Chintalapati Venkata Ramana
Received: 23 June 2014 / Revised: 30 August 2014 / Accepted: 25 September 2014
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
unknown lipids (L2–4). The predominant isoprenoid qui-
none was MK-7. iso-C
15:0
(41.7 %) was the predominant
fatty acid, and significant proportions of anteiso-C
15:0
(20.8 %), C
12:0
(5.5 %), anteiso-C
17:0
(4.9 %), iso-C
17:0
(4.5 %) were also detected in the strain 25nlg
T
. The DNA
G+C content of the strain 25nlg
T
was 40.5 mol%. The
results of molecular, physiological and biochemical tests
allowed a clear phenotypic differentiation of strain 25nlg
T
from all other members of the genus Bacillus. Strain
25nlg
T
represents a novel member of the genus Bacillus,
for which the name Bacillus lonarensis sp. nov. is pro-
posed. The type strain is 25nlg
T
(=KCTC 33413
T
= LMG
27974
T
= CGMCC = 1.12817
T
).
Keywords Bacillus lonarensis · Novel species · Bacillus
genus · Lonar soda lake
Introduction
The genus Bacillus first described by Cohn (1872) com-
prises rod-shaped, endospore-forming aerobic or faculta-
tive anaerobic members (Claus and Berkeley 1986). These
bacteria belong to the phylum “Firmicutes”, which are low
G+C Gram-positive bacteria. Bacillus members are ubiq-
uitous and are found in a variety of environments ranging
from desert sands and hot springs to Arctic soils and from
freshwater to marine sediments (You et al. 2013). Bacillus
strains have a wider biotechnological potentials that could
be used in industry, some of these include production of
antibiotics, enzymes and other metabolites (Banat et al.
2000; Balcàzar and Rojas-Luna 2007; Sorokulova et al.
2008).
Over the years, the taxonomy of the genus Bacillus was
subjected to many revisions; mainly, these were based on
Abstract A novel Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped,
motile and endospore-forming novel bacterial strain
25nlg
T
was isolated from Lonar soda lake, in India. Based
on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it was identified
as a member of Firmicutes, being most closely related to
Bacillus patagoniensis PAT 05
T
(96.6 %) and other mem-
bers in the genus Bacillus (<96.0 %). Strain 25nlg
T
was
catalase and oxidase-positive. The strain grows optimally
at a pH of 9.5 with 4–6 % (w/v) NaCl and temperature
of 35–37 °C. The cell wall of the strain 25nlg
T
contains
meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic amino acid.
Polar lipids include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyl-
glycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown phos-
pholipid (PL2), an aminophospholipid (APL2) and three
The EMBL accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence
of strain 25nlg
T
is HG934297.
Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
article (doi:10.1007/s00203-014-1040-9) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
S. V. Reddy (*) · M. Thirumala · M. Farooq
Microbial Ecology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma
Gandhi University, Anneparthy, Yellareddygudem (PO),
Nalgonda 508254, India
e-mail: vishnu_micro@yahoo.co.in
C. Sasikala
Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute
of Science and Technology, J. N. T. University, Kukatpally,
Hyderabad 500085, India
C. V. Ramana
Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences,
University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University,
Hyderabad 500046, India