16 https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/index
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021 May 16; 9(T3):16-18.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6302
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: T3 - Thematic Issue “Neuroscience, Neurology, Psychiatry and General Medicine”
Section: Psychiatry
The Relationship of Medication Adherence and Social Functioning
of Persons with Schizophrenia in the Long-term Period
Jenny Marlindawani Purba*, Roymond H. Simamora, Evi Karota
Department of Community and Psychiatry Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Medication adherence is an essential aspect of the daily lives of persons with schizophrenia, while
in-compliance is related to their social functioning performance.
AIM: The study aims to analyze the prolonged relationship between medication adherence and the social functioning
of persons with chronic schizophrenia.
METHODS: A descriptive correlation method was carried out on 60 persons with schizophrenia at Pasung in North
Sumatra Province, Indonesia, using questionnaires.
RESULTS: The results indicate that 68.3–51.7% of respondents had low adherence to medication and social
functioning, respectively. Spearman rank claimed that there is a strong relationship between medication adherence
and social functioning among chronic schizophrenia persons. Furthermore, the result reported that medication
adherence positively afected social functioning among persons with schizophrenia.
CONCLUSIONS: Medication adherence is a priority for maintaining the behavior of people living with schizophrenia
to help them control their psychotic symptoms. Therefore, it can enhance their social functioning performance and
daily living activity. Family participation is needed for continuous medication program and relapse rate prevention.
Edited by: Branislav Filipović
Citation: Purba JM, Simamora RH, Karota E. The
Relationship of Medication Adherence and Social
Functioning of Persons with Schizophrenia in the
Long-term Period. Open Access Maced J Med Sci.
2021 May 16; 9(T3):16-18.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6302
Keywords: Medication adherence; Social functioning;
Schizophrenia; Long-term period
*Correspondence: Mr. Jenny Marlindawani Purba,
Department of Community and Psychiatry Nursing,
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan,
Indonesia. E-mail: jenny_marlindawani@usu.ac.id
Received: 12-Feb-2021
Revised: 27-Apr-2021
Accepted: 06-May-2021
Copyright: © 2021 Jenny Marlindawani Purba,
Roymond H. Simamora, Evi Karota
Funding: This study was supported by the Directorate
Research and Community Development Ministry of
Education and Culture
Competing Interest: The authors have declared that no
competing interest exists
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that
causes individuals to experience difculty processing
information and making interpersonal relationships with
others [1]. Furthermore, people sufering from schizophrenia
are prone to relapse. There is a yearly increase in the
prevalence of schizophrenia worldwide, especially in
Indonesia. According to the Basic Health Research [2], the
prevalence of schizophrenia showed a signi fcant increase in
the number of cases in North Sumatra Province from 0.09%
in 2013 to 0.6% in 2018. This led to an increase in the amount
of medications consumed and periodic visits to hospitals [3].
There are two types of antipsychotics, namely, typical and
atypical. The typical types are frst-generation antipsychotics,
such as haloperidol and fuphenazine, while atypical are
second-generation, such as risperidone and olanzapine [4].
Medication adherence plays an essential
role in successful long-term therapy for chronic
diseases [5]. Adherence is defned as patients’ ability to
take drugs (interval and dose) according to the doctor’s
prescriptions [6]. Patients’ non-compliance when taking
medication is usually due to a lack of knowledge on
the associated adverse efects, low insight, and not
knowing the benefts of taking medication [7].
Non-adherence to taking medication is one of
the causes of recurrence in schizophrenics. This occurs
because patients forget to take their medication, feel bored,
or worse after taking it, with fear of drug dependence and
feeling sluggish when walking [8]. A study carried out by
Purba et al. [9], showed that the patients fail to comply
with taking medication after leaving the hospital due to
laziness and tiredness. The family can take the role of
medication supervisor for their loved ones. The success of
the treatment program would improve the poor cognitive
function of schizophrenia. Good cognitive function can
scale up social function so that they can carry out daily
activities without depending on the family [10].
Methods
Population and sample
This is a descriptive correlation study, with data
obtained from patients’ homes in Community Health
Center North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The inclusion
criteria of the samples were patients with the following
characteristics: (1) 18–65 years old, (2) diagnosed with
schizophrenia, (3) have been to Pasung, (4) clinically