Civil Engineering and Architecture 10(5A): 313-338, 2022 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.101415 The Resilience of Egyptian Cities against Health Crises 'Egyptian Pandemic City Tool' Engy Ramadan Mostafa 1,* , Hesham Mohamed El-Barmelgy 2 , Kariman Ahmed Shawky 1 1 Department of Urban Design, Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt 2 Dean of Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt * Corresponding Author: engy_ramadan_1993@cu.edu.eg Received April 12, 2022; Revised May 17, 2022; Accepted June 13, 2022 Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles (a): [1] Engy Ramadan Mostafa, Hesham Mohamed El-Barmelgy, Kariman Ahmed Shawky , "The Resilience of Egyptian Cities against Health Crises ‘Egyptian Pandemic City Tool’," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 10, No. 5A, pp. 313 - 338, 2022. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.101415. (b): Engy Ramadan Mostafa, Hesham Mohamed El-Barmelgy, Kariman Ahmed Shawky (2022). The Resilience of Egyptian Cities against Health Crises ‘Egyptian Pandemic City Tool’. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 10(5A), 313 - 338. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.101415. Copyright©2022 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The world today, recovering from a pandemic crisis, has witnessed a complete change in everyday challenges and routines. Following the COVID-19 crisis, the world was forced to face the challenge of preserving human life. Today, city planners and urban designers have to establish cities that can mitigate the impact of health problems; in other words, the city's urban product must be more resilient against health problems. The condition of completely shutting down urban areas and transforming them into infirmities has led to great economic and social crises. Economically, the world has lost at least 3.7 trillion dollars, equivalent to 4.4% of the Global Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The present paper aims at developing a tool that has the ability to measure the resilience of the Egyptian urban settlements against pandemic crises; thus, helping planners and urban designers to establish and promote pandemic cities. Based on profound theoretical and analytical studies, the concept of pandemic cities was studied and analyzed composing a list of indicators that illustrate the ability of existing urban settlements to face pandemic crises. Then, based on the findings of an empirical study that targeted Egyptian experts, the most relevant indicators were identified. Using relative importance index (RII), the relative weights of indicators were calculated and utilized as a tool that can measure the resilience of Egyptian urban settlements against pandemic crises. Keywords Epidemics, Post-Pandemic City, Urban Health City, Sustainable Cities, Urban Crisis Management, Urban Resilience 1. Introduction Throughout history, viruses and epidemics have killed millions of people, resulting in major crises that have lasted for many years. One of the most difficult aspects of studying epidemics is predicting future trends as: What policies and actions will be required to deal with epidemics? Hence, the urgent need is to establish pandemic-city design and management abilities in order to combat infectious diseases and mitigate health crises. Corona, the new virus that terrified the whole world, caused unsettled global concern. Since the detection of the disease, schools and universities have ceased teaching activities on their premises, moved to e-education. States have closed their borders and prevented internal movement, travel, as well as domestic and foreign flights. Laboratories have opened their doors and intensified their research and studies. Hence, urban areas have proven their failure to mitigate the impacts of the corona health crises all over the world. As in many countries of the world, COVID-19 has brought extensive damage in Egypt, the national statistical agency, revealed that 73.5% of families have suffered from a decrease in income, the unemployment rate has increased