American Journal of Hypertension 31(6) June 2018 645
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is well known for its natri-
uretic, diuretic, and vasodilatory properties and plays a major
role in the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure.
1
Obese persons have lower circulating concentrations of
ANP,
2
and it has been proposed that this natriuretic handicap
could play a role in obesity-related hypertension.
2,3
In con-
trast, it has been observed that hypertensive patients with lef
atrial enlargement have higher circulating concentrations of
ANP.
4,5
Te relationship between circulating ANP concen-
trations and lef atrial size in obese hypertensive patients is,
however, unclear. Terefore, the purpose of this study was
to investigate whether obese men with hypertension could
have lower circulating ANP concentrations despite evidence
of blood pressure-induced greater lef atrial size. Te study
was designed as an additional echocardiographic substudy to
one of our previously published studies.
6
Here we show that
considering their high salt intake and high 24-hour ambula-
tory blood pressure, obese hypertensive men have lower than
expected circulating concentrations of midregional proANP
(MR-proANP), a stable marker of ANP secretion,
7
compared
with lean normotensive men.
6
Tus, the important novelty
of this study relative to our previous published study
6
is the
Obese Hypertensive Men Have Lower Circulating Proatrial
Natriuretic Peptide Concentrations Despite Greater Left
Atrial Size
Camilla L. Asferg,
1
Ulrik B. Andersen,
1
Allan Linneberg,
2–4
Jens P. Goetze,
5,6
and Jørgen L. Jeppesen
4,7
BACKGROUND
Obese persons have lower circulating natriuretic peptide (NP)
concentrations. It has been proposed that this natriuretic handi-
cap plays a role in obesity-related hypertension. In contrast,
hypertensive patients with left atrial enlargement have higher cir-
culating NP concentrations. On this background, we investigated
whether obese hypertensive men could have lower circulating NP
concentrations despite evidence of pressure-induced greater left
atrial size.
METHODS
We examined 98 obese men (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30.0 kg/m
2
)
and 27 lean normotensive men (BMI 20.0–24.9 kg/m
2
). All men were
healthy, medication free, with normal left ventricular ejection frac-
tion. We measured blood pressure using 24-hour ambulatory blood
pressure (ABP) recordings. Hypertension was defned as 24-hour ABP
≥ 130/80 mm Hg, and normotension was defned as 24-hour ABP <
130/80 mm Hg. We determined left atrial size using echocardiog-
raphy, and we measured fasting serum concentrations of midregional
proatrial NP (MR-proANP).
RESULTS
Of the 98 obese men, 62 had hypertension and 36 were normoten-
sive. The obese hypertensive men had greater left atrial size (mean
± SD: 28.7 ± 6.0 ml/m
2
) compared with the lean normotensive men
(23.5 ± 4.5 ml/m
2
) and the obese normotensive men (22.7 ± 5.1 ml/m
2
),
P < 0.01. Nevertheless, despite evidence of pressure-induced greater
left atrial size, the obese hypertensive men had lower serum MR-proANP
concentrations (median [interquartile range]: 48.5 [37.0–64.7] pmol/l)
compared with the lean normotensive men (69.3 [54.3–82.9] pmol/l),
P < 0.01, whereas the obese normotensive men had serum MR-proANP
concentrations in between the 2 other groups (54.1 [43.6–62.9] pmol/l).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite greater left atrial size, obese hypertensive men have lower circulat-
ing MR-proANP concentrations compared with lean normotensive men.
Keywords: ambulatory blood pressure; atrial natriuretic peptide; blood
pressure; hypertension; left atrial size; natriuretic peptides; proatrial
natriuretic peptide.
doi:10.1093/ajh/hpy029
Correspondence: Camilla L. Asferg (c.asferg@gmail.com).
Initially submitted December 24, 2017; date of frst revision February
10, 2018; accepted for publication February 13, 2018; online publication
February 17, 2018.
© American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd 2018. All rights reserved.
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1
Department of Clinical Physiology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University
of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark;
2
Research Centre for Prevention
and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark;
3
Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet Glostrup,
University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark;
4
Department of
Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University
of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
5
Department of Clinical
Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej, University of Copenhagen,
Copenhagen, Denmark;
6
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of
Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,
Denmark;
7
Department of Medicine, Amager Hvidovre Hospital
Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
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