Case Report
Suicidal Behavior in a Patient with Burning Mouth Syndrome
Konstantinos Kontoangelos,
1,2
Evmorfia Koukia,
3
Vasilis Papanikolaou,
4
Aris Chrysovergis,
4
Antonis Maillis,
1,2
and George N. Papadimitriou
1
1
1st Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Eginition Hospital, 115 28 Athens, Greece
2
University Research Institute of Mental Health, 11527 Athens, Greece
3
Department of Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
4
1st University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, Athens University,
11527 Athens, Greece
Correspondence should be addressed to Konstantinos Kontoangelos; kontange@hol.gr
Received 17 June 2014; Accepted 17 August 2014; Published 26 August 2014
Academic Editor: Tomas Frodl
Copyright © 2014 Konstantinos Kontoangelos et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Introduction. Chronic pain of the oral cavity is a long-term condition and like all other types of chronic pain is associated with
numerous comorbidities such as depression or anxiety. Case Presentation. Tis is a case of a 93-year-old patient sufering from
chronic oral cavity pain who repeatedly stabbed his palate due to ongoing local pain, over the last few months, which he could not
further tolerate. Te patient was sufering from depression and also a diagnosis of “burning mouth syndrome” (BMS) was made.
Discussion. Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by a burning sensation in the tongue or other oral sites. BMS has
high psychiatric comorbidity but can occur in the absence of psychiatric diagnosis. Patients with multiple forms of pain must be
considered as potential candidates for underdiagnosed depression (major) and suicidal thoughts.
1. Introduction
Te multidimensionality of chronic pain of the oral cav-
ity is connected with psychosocial factors. Many patients
will have more than one pain diagnosis and there may
also be an underlying psychiatric or personality disorder
which predisposes to chronic pain and which may modify
clinical course that ofen leads to false management [1].
Chronic oral pain is related with posttraumatic trigeminal
neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, persistent idiopathic facial
pain, trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia, temporomandibular
disorders, and burning mouth syndrome [2]. Burning mouth
syndrome has been defned as burning pain in the tongue
or oral mucous membranes, usually without accompanying
clinical and laboratory fndings. Pain is absent during the
night but occurs at a mild to moderate level by middle to
late morning. Patients ofen report that the pain interferes
with their ability to fall asleep. Sleep disorder and constant
pain alone or together coexist with disturbances, that is,
irritability, anxiety, and depression. Epidemiological studies
on BMS have shown a prevalence of 2.6% to 5.1% and
that the ratio of occurrence of the disorder in men is less
than 20% of that in women [3]. Concerning the etiology
of BMS, it has been suggested that the etiological factors
can be divided into three main groups: local, systemic, and
psychogenic [4]. In the genesis of BMS, the possible role
of stressful life events and of long-term social problems
and also that 50% of the cases of BMS are comorbid with
other current psychiatric disorders. Depressive symptoms
(major depressive episode and dysthymic disorder) represent
the most prevalent concurrent (32.3%) and lifetime (36.3%)
codiagnoses. In most cases afer the frst episode of BMS
a major depressive episode alone or together with GAD
follows, suggesting a precipitating role in the onset of these
disorders [5]. We present a case of a patient sufering from
chronic oral pain who repeatedly stabbed his palate due to
ongoing local pain, over the last few months, which he could
not any more tolerate.
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Case Reports in Psychiatry
Volume 2014, Article ID 405106, 3 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/405106