Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Study of the Ternary System Dimethyladipate + Tetrahydrofuran +1-Butanol at T = (288.15 to 323.15) K Andjela B. Knez ̌ evic ́ -Stevanovic ́ , ‡ Slobodan P. S ̌ erbanovic ́ , † Ivona R. Radovic ́ , † Bojan D. Djordjevic ́ , † and Mirjana Lj. Kijevc ̌ anin* ,† † Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia ‡ Metro Vancouver, 4330 Kingsway, Burnaby, BC V5H 4G8, Canada ABSTRACT: Experimental densities ρ, refractive indices n D , and viscosity η data of the ternary dimethyladipate + tetrahydrofuran + 1-butanol and the binary tetrahydrofuran + 1-butanol systems have been determined, while viscosities have been measured for the binary dimethyladipate + 1-butanol system. The properties ρ, n D , and η are experimentally determined at eight temperatures over the temperature range T = (288.15 to 323.15) K and at atmospheric pressure, using instruments from Anton Paar: digital vibrating tube densimeter DMA 5000, refractometer RXA 156, and SVM 3000/G2 digital Stabinger viscometer. Excess molar volumes V E , deviations of refractive indices Δn D , and deviations of viscosities Δη were calculated from the measured data. The Redlich-Kister equation is used to correlate excess molar volumes, deviations of refractive indices, and viscosities for binary mixtures, while the Nagata- Tamura equation is applied for a ternary mixture. FT-IR studies of the binary constituents of the investigated ternary mixture have also been carried out at T= 298.15 K. 1. INTRODUCTION Volumetric and transport properties of binary and multicomponent mixtures are essential for a process design as well as for understanding a structure and packing changes in mixtures. This work is a continuation of our ongoing research of the thermophysical properties of multicomponent mixtures containing organic solvents, such as esters, ketones, and alcohols. 1-6 The systems of dimethyl- adipate or dimethylphthalate and 1-butanol or 2-butanol with 2-butanone were investigated in our previous paper. 5 Because of low cost and toxicity, dimethyladipate as a diester has a diverse industrial application. It is used as an additive to diesel fuel; when blended with polyalphaolefin diesters it improves additive solubility (in gear oils, engine oils, compressor oils, biodegradable hydraulic fuels, etc.). 7 Also, dimethyladipate is a main constituent in dibasic ester blends, which are used as paint strippers. These ester blends can also be applied as green solvents and replace conventional high volatile and toxic organic solvents in many industries. 8 Tetrahydrofuran is also widely used in industry, primarily as an industrial solvent for polyvinyl- chloride and varnishes. Alcohols are widely used as intermediates for the production of other chemicals and as solvents. In addition, some alcohols are used as alternative energy sources. As a continuation of our previous study related to determination of thermophysical properties of mixtures containing dimethyladipate, here densities, refractive indices, and viscosities of the ternary dimethyladipate + tetrahydrofuran +1-butanol and binary tetrahydrofuran +1-butanol systems are determined at eight temperatures from (288.15 to 323.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. In addition, viscosities of the dimethyladipate +1-butanol are also given here, while densities and refractive indices of the same system were reported in our previous paper. 5 In our recent work the same properties for the binary system dimethyladipate + tetrahydrofuran were reported. 4 From the measured ρ, n D , and η data the excess molar volumes V E , the deviations of refractive indices Δn D and viscosity deviations Δη were calculated. To correlate V E , Δn D and Δη data of the binaries the Redlich- Kister 9 equation was used, while the Nagata and Tamura 10 equation was used to correlate ternary data. Literature densities 11 and viscosities 12 data are available for the binary system tetrahydrofuran +1-butanol at 298.15 K and 313.15 K. To the best of our knowledge, the n D experimental data are not available for the investigated binary system. In addition, no experimental ρ, n D , or η data have been reported in the literature for the investigated ternary system. Received: April 7, 2013 Accepted: September 7, 2013 Published: September 26, 2013 Table 1. Sample Description chemical name source initial mass fraction purity purification method dimethyladipate Merck ≥ 0.99 none tetrahydrofuran Merck min 0.995 none 1-butanol Merck ≥ 0.995 none Article pubs.acs.org/jced © 2013 American Chemical Society 2932 dx.doi.org/10.1021/je4003916 | J. Chem. Eng. Data 2013, 58, 2932-2951