International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics | May-June 2017 | Vol 4 | Issue 3 Page 1088
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
Landge AP et al. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2017 May;4(3):1088-1092
http://www.ijpediatrics.com pISSN 2349-3283 | eISSN 2349-3291
Original Research Article
Patterns of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders and associated
factors in outpatients attending child psychiatry clinic:
a hospital based study
Anisha P. Landge*, Darpan Kaur, Rakesh P. Ghildiyal
INTRODUCTION
Recent studies indicate that about one out of every three
to four adolescents is estimated to meet lifetime criteria
for a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM) mental disorder.
1
Furthermore, the risk
of psychiatric disorder in children with physical illnesses
is approximately double compared to the healthy
children.
2
Current studies show that psychiatric problems
may be seen in 20-35% of the attendees at the paediatric
clinics. These may range from psychological issues like
difficulty in adjustment to a life situation to a diagnosable
psychiatric disorder. Although these children are regular
attendees in primary care, they mainly present with
somatic rather than mental health symptoms.
3
Stress and anxiety is the most common underlying
problem in medically unexplained symptoms, however
parents often fail to identify them and seek multiple
consultations.
4
ABSTRACT
Background: Childhood mental disorders are common and yet only a minority of children with mental health
problems receive appropriate child mental health consultation. There is scarcity of literature on patterns of child and
adolescent psychiatric disorders from developing countries like India.
Methods: It was a cross sectional survey on outpatients attending the Child and Adolescent psychiatry clinic,
Department of Psychiatry, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai. Study sample consisted of all new child &
adolescent cases attending the clinic and willing to give consent. Data was analysed for sex, residence, informant,
socio-economic status, birth history, family history, medical co-morbidity, reason and source of referral, presence of
stressors, psychiatric diagnosis etc using SPSS 20. Institutional Ethics clearance was obtained.
Results: Data analysis of n= 150 patients revealed mean age of 9.53 with SD of 3.84. Majority of the patients
belonged to school going age group (59.3%), male sex (54.7%), living in urban areas (68.7%), belonging to middle
class (56%) and accompanied by mother (54%). 28% had significant birth history while 18.7% had family history of
psychiatric illness. 28.7% had co-morbid medical illness. The most common reason for referral was academic
problems (24%) from the department of paediatrics (34%). The majority of the cases were diagnosed with ADHD
(26%), mental retardation (13.3%), Learning disability (10.7%) followed by Autism (8.0%) & Depression (6.7%).
Conclusions: We conclude that there are distinct patterns of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in our study.
Further collaborative research in the arena of child and adolescent mental health is recommended.
Keywords: Child and adolescent psychiatric disorders, Referral patterns
Department of Psychiatry, MGM Medical College, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Received: 27 January 2017
Accepted: 27 February 2017
*Correspondence:
Dr. Anisha P. Landge,
E-mail: dradl.1289@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20171733