International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8 Issue-9, July 2019
1899
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: I8570078919/19©BEIESP
DOI:10.35940/ijitee.I8570.078919
Abstract: Corrosion of steel in reinforced cement concrete is
one of the major factor for deterioration of RCC structures. The
corrosion of steel leads to failure or needs demolition of
structures. Cathodic protection technology is well proven for
corrosion protection of steel and in 2020 this technology will
complete its 200 years of existence. For RCC buildings cathodic
protection technology is not common due to several reasons. The
lack of awareness in public about the fact that maintenance is
only cosmetic repair and it does not ensure the protection of steel
from corrosion. The sacrificial anode CP system is well suited for
buildings since the requirement of anode material will always be
less in case of buildings. To make it popular a new system of
SACP is developed and it is named as Sacrificial Surface Anode
Cathodic Protection (SSACP) system. The device is designed as
external, it is easy in installation, replacement and monitoring. It
is reliable, economical and does not damage the aesthetic
appearance of building. The present research is about onsite
corrosion prevention of steel using Sacrificial Surface Anode. For
evaluation of performance a number of SSA are installed in one
of the multi-story buildings in Surat city about 18 km from sea
shore. This includes the working of SSA which depends upon the
resistivity and moisture content of concrete cover to
reinforcement.
Index Terms: Cathodic Protection, Sacrificial Surface Anode,
Resistivity of Concrete, and Conductivity of concrete.
I. INTRODUCTION
The structures built before the innovation of modern cements
used the lime as binding material and stone, bricks or timber
were used for making structural elements. The raw materials
used for production of cement are oxides of calcium
carbonate and silica in majority so it is assumed that the
concrete made by using today’s modern cement will have a
useful life more than 100 year. Similarly, it is assumed that the
steel will have a useful life much more than concrete if
protected and proper metallurgical composition is designed
Revised Manuscript Received on July 05, 2019.
Jaiprakash B. Sharma, Associate Professor, Department of Applied
Mechanics, Government Engineering College, Bharuch, India
Dr. Yogesh D. Patil, Associate Professor, Department of Applied
Mechanics, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat,
India
Dr. Gaurang R. Vesmawala, Associate Professor, Department of
Applied Mechanics, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology,
Surat, India
With the advancements in technology of cement and steel
world became more confident that any structure made of
reinforced cement concrete will have a life span of more than
100 years. In the race of development, we forgot the law of
conservation of energy which is responsible for changing one
form of material to another form. The cycle time may be few
hours to thousand years.All materials natural, artificial or
composite require proper storage or maintenance. The
experience of last fifty years shows that the structures built
with cement and steel available in seventies are still better
compared to structures built in nineties. The reasons are lower
grade of cement, low rise buildings, higher factor of safety
lowering the actual stresses, and less number of structures to
look after by the concerned agencies. Still many reasons are
there we have put only few for attention of readers.
The present average life of RCC buildings in India in
coastal areas is about 30 to 60 years depending upon a number
of factors. The major cause is corrosion of reinforcement and
further reduction of strength of structure. The various
techniques in practice, to minimize or to stop the corrosion,
are Metallurgical Methods, Corrosion Inhibitors, Coating to
Reinforcements, Coating to Concrete, Design and Detailing
and Cathodic Protection.
The metallurgical method, corrosion inhibitors, coating to
reinforcement, design and detailing are the methods of
corrosion protection which can be applied before or during
construction. The coating to concrete is a method which
delays the corrosion but for existing structure in which
already corrosion has started or to stop initiation of corrosion
the only method is cathodic protection.
II. HISTORY OF CATHODIC PROTECTION
The history of cathodic protection may be very old but
the first cathodic protection was investigated in 1820 by Sir
Humphrey Davy. He used small quantities of zinc and iron for
protecting the copper sheeting. The terminology used by him
was cathodically protected. In 1834 he discovered the
relation between corrosion weight loss and electric current
which laid the foundation for future application of cathodic
protection.
After about 100 years of Davy’s research cathodic
protection was widely adopted as corrosion protection
method. In US the cathodic protection was adopted for
protection of thin walled pipe line used for transmission of oil
and natural gas. Till 1945
this method was well
established in United
States.in 1959 Richard
Jaiprakash B. Sharma, Yogesh D. Patil, Gaurang R. Vesmawala
Cathodic Protection of Steel from Corrosion in
Reinforced Concrete Buildings using Sacrificial
Surface Anodes of Zinc