Volume 8 • Issue 6 • 1000384 J Textile Sci Eng, an open access journal ISSN: 2165-8064 Research Article Open Access Teklehaimanot and Amsalu, J Textile Sci Eng 2018, 8:6 DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000384 Research Article Open Access Journal of Textile Science & Engineering J o u r n a l o f T e x t i l e Sc i e n c e & E n g i n e e r i n g ISSN: 2165-8064 Abstract The importance of sulfur dyeing of cellulosic fbers, particularly cotton, is realized economically throughout the dyeing industry. At the present time, dyeing with sulfur dyes requires the use of various auxiliaries, many of which have adverse effects on the environment. The most damaging of these is the reducing agent sodium sulphide, required to reduce the dye molecules to a water-soluble leuco form to enable adsorption and diffusion into the fber. In this study, attempts have been made to replace the sodium sulfde used within the sulfur dyeing process with a variety of environmentally friendly reducing sugars. The redox potential of various hexose and pentose monosaccharide’s and reducing disaccharides was recorded and compared. Subsequently, cotton was dyed with the world's most important sulfur dye, C. I. Sulfur Black 1, using the reducing sugars under alkaline conditions, and compared to dyeing secured by employing commercial sulfde reducing agents. It was observed that reducing sugars gave comparable, and in many cases superior, color strength and wash fastness results, with respect to the commercial sulfde-based reducing agents, which still account for the vast majority of sulfur dyeing processes and that pose signifcant environmental concern. Employment of reducing sugars in sulfur dyeing could provide a sustainable, nontoxic, biodegradable, cost-effective alternative to sodium polysulfde and sodium hydrogen sulfde. Hydrolysis of Sugar for Dyeing of Cotton Fabric with Sulphur Black Mebrahtom Teklehaimanot* and Tsion Amsalu Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia *Corresponding author: Mebrahtom Teklehaimanot, Textile Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia, E-mail: mebreat@gmail.com Received October 10, 2018; Accepted November 30, 2018; Published December 09, 2018 Citation: Teklehaimanot M, Amsalu T (2018) Hydrolysis of Sugar for Dyeing of Cotton Fabric with Sulphur Black. J Textile Sci Eng 8: 384. doi: 10.4172/2165- 8064.1000384 Copyright: © 2018 Teklehaimanot M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Keywords: Hydrolysis; Dyeing; Sugar and sodium hydrogen sulphide Introduction Textile dyeing is the process of coloration which adds color to the textile materials by using diferent chemicals, dyestufs and dyes by forming fber-dye bond depending on the fabric and process used. Te art of coloring textiles is very old. Its history can be traced for at least 4000 years starting in India and gradually spread throughout the world. All coloring materials used at the time were naturally occurring products such as the roots, stems, leaves, fruits of plants and dried extracts of certain insects and shellfsh. Tere are diferent kinds of dyes such as direct dyes, reactive dyes, vat dyes, disperse dyes, sulphur dyes etc. these all dyes uses diferent chemicals for their application. Vat dyes have excellent wash and light fastness and uses for the dyeing of cotton. But its cost is high when we compare with others. For black colors sulphur dye is possible. In the present scenario of Ethiopia dyeing is mostly carried out on cotton fabrics. And as far as dyeing process of cotton fabrics with black color is concerned most of the products are carried out in vat dyeing. Tis leads for the study to concentrate on the replacement of vat with sulphur black. Currently environmental issues are serious issues throughout the world. Every textile business sector to become internationally competent in the market the chemicals used for each specifc operation must not hazardous to the others health and environment. Sulphur black uses sodium sulphide as a reducing agent. But it is toxic and hazardous for the environment. Tis study is concerned for the replacement of sodium sulphide with hydrolysed sugar commercially available. Materials and Experimental Methods Materials Commercially available sugar, Dyestuf –sulphur black, bleached fabric, Chemicals used: Te following laboratory grade chemicals were used:- Hydrochloric Acid (35%), Sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, Sodium chloride, Sodium carbonate and Phenolphthalein indicator as Indicators. Equipment’s Laundro meter, Stove, Burettes, Weighing balance, Diferent beakers, Spoon, Termometer, pH meter and Mini dryer Methodology Hydrolysis of sugar: Tere are following process through which the Hydrolysis of sugar will take place:- Dissolution of sugar: 50 gm of sugar sample was taken in a clean and previously weighed beaker. About 15 mL of water was added in it and the mixture was heated to boil, till complete dissolution of sugar takes place. Afer that solution was kept for cooling. Acid concentration: Dilute solution of hydrochloric acid was used for hydrolysis of sugar. Te required volume of acid and the rest portion of water were added to pre-dissolved sugar solution, so that the total addition will be equal to 40 mL, and the solid content of the solution will be 70%. Hydrolysis was carried out at diferent concentrations of acid. Te amount of hydrochloric acid was taken as percentage on the basis of weight of sugar [1]. Laboratory grade hydrochloric acid is about 35% w/v, and for reaction its actual content was considered. For this purpose acid was diluted to get 1 N, 2 N and 5 N concentrations and standardized by titration against standard NaOH solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. Te acid concentration in each prepared solution was as follows (Table 1):