© 2020 |Published by Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 334
Scholars International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice
Abbreviated Key Title: Sch Int J Law Crime Justice
ISSN 2616-7956 (Print) |ISSN 2617-3484 (Online)
Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Journal homepage: https://saudijournals.com/sijlcj
Original Research Article
Reconstruction of Separate-Creditor Positions in the Process Declaring
Bancruptcy in Indonesia Based on Justice Value
Supri Yono
1*
, Adi Sulistiyono
2
, Anis Mashdurohatun
2
, Ratih Mega Puspa Sari
2
1
Doctorate Student of Faculty of Law Sultan Agung Islamic University Semarang, Indonesia
2
Faculty of Law Sultan Agung Islamic University Semarang, Indonesia
DOI: 10.36348/sijlcj.2020.v03i11.001 | Received: 13.10.2020 | Accepted: 29.10.2020 | Published: 03.11.2020
*Corresponding author: Supri Yono
Abstract
The problem discussed in this study involves is that there is yet to be a law protection for Multiple or Separate-Editor in
case if company is declared bankrupt and is unable to pay its debts as a whole that could reflect Justice Value. The
method of research used in this research is juridical-empirical where the research type is qualitative research with a
sociological juridical approach (Socio-Legal Approach). The results of this study indicate that the position of the
separate-creditors in the company bankruptcy currently has a priority in obtaining repayment of their accounts.
Manpower legal protection in the event of a debtor who has been declared bankrupt before and after the Constitutional
Court decision No. 67 / PUU-XI / 2013 are as follows: prior to the Constitutional Court decision it was assumed that
labor wages remained under separate-creditors, taxes, auction fees, and curator fees and were deemed not to contradict
Article 28D paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of the Indonesian Constitution Law Year 1945. After the Constitutional
Court decision, the position of workers' wages according to the Bankruptcy Law and the Civil Code takes precedence.
The reconstruction of the position of the separate-creditor as offered by the author is by reconstructing the decision of the
Constitutional Court No. 67 / PUU-XI / 2013 to better reflect the value of justice.
Keywords: Reconstruction, Separate-Creditor, Bankruptcy, Justice Value.
Copyright © 2020 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original
author and source are credited.
INTRODUCTION
Universally, the Bankruptcy Law which was
passed by the Indonesian People's Representative
Council in Indonesia aims to regulate and prevent the
settlement of bankruptcy cases that could lead to the
end of detrimental to one of the parties, both Creditors
and Debtors. Therefore, the settlement of cases in court
can be done by combining three things, namely legal
certainty, legal benefits, and legal justice [1]. In this
regard, it also applies to the handling of bankruptcy
cases at the Commercial Court which is guaranteed to
be implemented by the Bankruptcy Law. In another
case, the enforcement of bankruptcy law, the principle
of fair debt repayment can be seen as the underlying
form of injustice, that is; The principle of bankruptcy
regarding unfair response is the Creditorium Parity
principle even though it is a response to such injustice,
if the Creditorium Parity principle is applied in a letter,
it will lead to injustice, where the injustice of the
Creditorium Parity principle is that creditors are the
same as creditors and other creditors.
The principle of Creditorium Parity does not
differentiate between the treatment of creditors, whether
they are creditors with large receivables or creditors
with small receivables, creditors holding collateral, and
creditors who do not hold collateral at all. The principle
of Equal Position of Creditors determines that creditors
have equal rights to all debtors' assets [2]. If the debtor
is unable to pay the debt, the debtor's assets will
become the creditor's target. The principle of
Creditorium Parity means that all debtor's assets,
whether in the form of movable property or assets that
are currently owned by the debtor and goods in the
future will be owned by the debtor, are bound to the
settlement of debtor's obligations. The principle of
Creditorium Parity is regulated in the provisions of
Article 1131 of the Civil Code which reads: "All objects
of the debtor, both movable and immovable, both
existing and new will be borne in the future for all
individual engagements”.
In certain cases, creditors also have the
possibility to act arbitrarily on debtors through coercion
in various ways so that the Debtors pay their debts.