Article
Indonesian Journal of Chemical
Science and Technology
State University of Medan
e-ISSN : 2622-4968, p-ISSN : 2622-1349
IJCST-UNIMED, Vol. 03, No.1, Page; 1-7
Received : 23 Nov 2019 Accepted : 5 Jan 2020 Web Publised ; 28 Jan 2020
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IJCST.2020 © 2020 State University of Medan
Identification of Active Compounds on Muntingia calabura
L.Leaves using Different Polarity Solvents
Sri Adelila Sari
1
*, Mellya Ernita
2
, M. Nasir Mara
2
, and Muhammad Rudi AR
3
1
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Medan State University, Medan 20221, Indonesia
2
Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training & Education, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111,
Indonesia
3
Health Office of DKI Jakarta Province, Jakarta 14520, Indonesia
*Email: sriadelilasari@unimed.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Plant of Muntingia calabura L are often known as “kersen”, "seri or "cherry". Leaves of Muntingia calabura L.
contains many benefits but its properties are still little known to the public. It contains secondary metabolites
which have many uses. This study was aimed to determine the content of secondary metabolites in this leaf.
Leaves extracts were obtained by maceration extraction for 3 times 24 hours using polar, semi-polar and non-
polar solvents to determine the solubility of secondary metabolite compounds in each solvent. The solvents used
were ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The leaveswere dissolved a lot in polar solvents, marked by the
formation of a dark green color in ethanol-series extracts, the color fades more in semi-polar and non-polar
solvents. The three leaves extracts were tested for secondary metabolite contents by phytochemical screening
tests. Phytochemical screening was an initial selection stage to detect classes of chemical compounds contained
in plant. Phytochemical screening were included alkaloid, terpenoid, steroid, tannin, flavonoidand saponin
tests. Based on the results of phytochemical screening tests, the leaf was contained several secondary metabolite
compounds, namely flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols and tannins.
Keywords: leaves of Muntingia calabura L, secondary metabolite compounds, and phytochemical screening
ABSTRAK
Tumbuhan Muntingia calabura L sering dikenal dengan “kersen”, “seri, ataucherry”. Daun Muntingia
calabura L. mengandung banyak manfaat namun khasiatnya masih sedikit diketahui masyarakat. Daun ini
mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki banyak kegunaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam daun tersebut. Ekstrak daun
diperoleh dengan ekstraksi secara maserasi selama 3 kali 24 jam menggunakan pelarut polar, semi polar dan
non polar untuk mengetahui kelarutan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam masing-masing pelarut.
Pelarut yang digunakan yaitu etanol, etil asetat dan n-heksana. Daun ini banyak melarut dalam pelarut polar,
ditandai dengan terbentuknya warna hijau tua pada ekstrak seri-etanol, warna semakin memudar pada pelarut
semi polar dan non polar. Ketiga ekstrak daun tersebut diuji kandungan metabolit sekunder dengan uji skrining