Volume 4 • Issue 7 • 1000243
J Food Process Technol
ISSN: 2157-7110 JFPT, an open access journal
Open Access Research Article
Food
Processing & Technology
Sohaib et al., J Food Process Technol 2013, 4:7
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7110.1000243
Keywords: Alphalipoic acid; Alpha tocopherol acetate; Leg meat;
Nuggets; Patties
Abbreviations: MDA: Malondialdehydes; ALA: α-lipoic acid;
ATA: α-tocopherolacetate; TBARS: Tiobarbituricacid reactive oxygen
species; HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography
Introduction
Te major cause to decrease the quality of meat and meat products
is auto-oxidation of lipid which generates of favor and reduces
its quality during storage. Te resulting products of this process are
reactive oxygen species, which leads to serious health problems [1].
Te oxidative stability of meat and meat products depends upon
the balance of anti- and pro-oxidants and the oxidation substrates
including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol, proteins and
pigments [2]. Antioxidants can be used to retard lipid peroxidation in
meat but the use of cocktails of antioxidants may have superior efects
as compared to single antioxidants because two or more antioxidants
together can act synergistically [3]. Te Dietary supplementation of
ALA and ATA enhanced the oxidative stability and improved the
antioxidant potential of the broiler meat [4].
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in its oxidized form is a coenzyme
involved in the bioxidation of pyruvates. Te reduced form of ALA,
dihydrolipoic acid, is a powerful mitochondrial antioxidant [5]. ALA
is considered an important antioxidant that may be of therapeutic
value in some pathologic conditions related to the overproduction of
oxidant radicals [6]. ALA is an essential cofactor for mitochondrial
enzymes and a natural antioxidant that is used to quench free radicals
[7]. ALA has valuable potential in clinical interests as a cellular thiol-
replenishing and redox-modulating agent [8]. Te reduced form
of ALA, dihydrolipoic acid, reacts with oxidants such as superoxide
radicals, hydroxyl radicals, hypochlorous acid, peroxyl radicals,
and singlet oxygen and minimize the cellular damage efects [9].
*Corresponding author: Muhammad Sohaib, National Institute of Food Science and
Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Tel: +92-3216843849;
E-mail: ftsohaib@hotmail.com
Received March 06, 2013; Accepted June 05, 2013; Published June 12, 2013
Citation: Sohaib M, Anjum FM, Khan MI, Arshad MS, Yasin M, et al. (2013) Effect of
α-Lipoic Acid and α-Tocopherol Acetate Enriched Broiler Diet on Oxidative Stability
and Quality of Broiler Leg Meat and Meat Products. J Food Process Technol 4:
243. doi:10.4172/2157-7110.1000243
Copyright: © 2013 Sohaib M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion of two dietary antioxidants alpha lipoic
acid (ALA 25, 75 and 150 mg/kg diet) and alpha-tocopheryl acetate (ATA 200 mg/kg diet) on growth performance,
susceptibility to oxidation and quality of leg chicken meat and meat products during storage. A total of 180 broiler
birds were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates of 10 hens each and fed on different diet plan. Body
weight gain of broiler birds was decreased with increasing alpha lipoic acid supplementation in feed and Birds in (T
2
)
containing minimum dose of alphalipoic acid (25 mg/kg feed gained more weight 1948.25g whereas T
4
containing
maximum dose of alpha lipoic acid (150 mg/kg of feed) gained minimum weight i.e. 1691.25 g. The inclusion of
alpha-tocopheryl acetate improved body weight gain. The maximum deposition of ALA took place in T
4
which contain
maximum dose of ALA. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and DPPH assay of the broiler
leg meat were as in T
4
(0.15 ± 0.02 MDA/kg of meat, 76.69 ± 0.14%) and in T
5
were (0.25 ± 0.08 MDA/kg of meat,
44.77 ± 0.09%) accordingly. The (HPLC) data revealed that ALA and ATA concentration were highest in T
4
(96.54
± 0.28mg/g of meat, 159.40 ± 0.20 mg/g of meat) and lowest in T
5
(17.19 ± 0.12mg/g, 35.86 ± 0.08 mg/g of meat).
Sensory results showed that nuggets and patties made of T
5
containing oxidize oil were least preferred and T
4
got
highest score. In a nutshell, 150 mg/kg level feed dietary supplementation of ALA with constant level of ATA can
enhanced the antioxidant potential, lipid stability and nutritional qualities of broiler leg meat and meat products.
Effect of α-Lipoic Acid and α-Tocopherol Acetate Enriched Broiler Diet
on Oxidative Stability and Quality of Broiler Leg Meat and Meat Products
Muhammad Sohaib
1
, Faqir Muhammad Anjum
1
, Muhammad Issa Khan
1
, Muhammad Sajid Arshad
1
, Muhammad Yasin
1
and Muhammad
Shahid
2
1
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Antioxidant potential of the broiler breast meat and meat products can
be improved by feeding the broilers on diet supplemented with ALA
and ATA [10]. Alpha-tocopherol acetate (ATA) is the most efcient
chain-breaking, fat-soluble antioxidant in the cellular locations [11].
Unlike other fat-soluble vitamins, α-tocopherol is not accumulated
in the body to toxic levels. Importantly, the body has the ability
to eliminate “excess” α-tocopherol by increased metabolism and
excretion to prevent excess accumulation of α-tocopherol, even when
daily pharmacologic vitamin E doses are administered [12]. Dietary
supplementation of ATA enhanced the lipid stability in muscle and
improved the meat quality of Beijing-you chicken [13]. ALA and vitamin
E have shown synergistic efects against lipid peroxidation by oxidant
radicals in several pathological conditions such as a thromboembolic
stroke model in rats for neurological functions, glial reactivity and
neuronal remodeling [14]. In the present study, broiler birds were
raised specifcally for meat production, fed feed supplemented with
α-lipoic acid and α-tocopherol acetate, and the antioxidant activity and
component changes in the meat and meat products were investigated
to assess the role of antioxidant supplements on the storage stability of
broiler meat and meat products.