©2021 AccScience Publishing REVIEW ARTICLE Efects of Medicinal Plants on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury: A Review Sayeed Mohammad Firdous 1 *, Marwa A. A. Fayed 2 1 Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Allied Health Sciences, Uluberia, Howrah, West Bengal, India 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City32897, Egypt *Corresponding Author: Sayeed Mohammad Firdous, Email: frdous.oncology@gmail.com Received: October 10, 2022; Accepted: December 27, 2022; Published: January 13, 2022 DOI: 10.36922/itps.v4i2.215 Copyright: Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract: The liver is the primary organ for metabolizing and eliminating foreign chemicals. When liver cells are exposed to large concentrations of dangerous substances, hepatocyte malfunction, membrane damage, and degradation may occur. Another chemical that can harm the liver is carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ). CCl 4 is converted into trichloromethyl radical [CCl 3 ] - by several cytochrome P450 isoforms. [CCl 3 ] - subsequently reacts with oxygen to generate trichloromethyl peroxyl radical [CCl 3 OO] - and induce lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. In this study, the mechanism by which a variety of recently identifed medicinal plants display hepatoprotective activity against CCl 4 -induced liver injury is investigated. We fnd that animal models have been used in investigations of plant extracts. Herbal plants largely protect against CCl 4 -induced hepatotoxicity because their phytochemicals have an inhibitory nature. The antioxidant properties of phytochemicals can halt lipid oxidation and restrict the production of free radicals by inhibiting microsomal enzymes. They can also help liver cells in their fght against CCl 4 -induced infammation by strengthening and fortifying them. The efectiveness of various herbs that are hepatoprotective and are thus plausible candidates for use in medicine must be confrmed. Experiments using entire plant extracts should be replaced with tests that pinpoint the active ingredients and assess the extracts’ efect on a variety of liver cell lines. Keywords: Liver, Hepatocytes, Carbon tetrachloride, Medicinal plants, Hepatoprotective, Infammation 23 1. Introduction Toxicology is the study of how substances adversely afect living things. The toxicological efects of a substance may have signifcant impact on various aspects, including commercial items, medications, product requirements, waste disposal, enforcement activities, legal disputes, and broader governmental issues. Given the rising importance of these concerns, it is crucial to be aware of the ethical, legal, and cultural ramifcations of toxicological research as well as to assess the impact of chemical toxicity on the society. There are several ethical issues in toxicology that need to be addressed. First, the need for extremely well-defned ideals of human, animal, and ecological safety has been highlighted as a result of experiences and current developments in biological sciences. Second, the negative efects of lead, asbestos, and tobacco exposure on human health have led to several legal, administrative, and policy-making initiatives. Third, our framework for analyzing ethical and societal issues has improved. Fourth, all human and animal research must be conducted following ethical and responsible standards. In addition, in view of the inherent uncertainty and biological INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences 2021 Vol. 4 (No. 2) pp: 23-32 INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences Journal homepage: https://accscience.com/journal/ITPS