Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01463-3
Fabrication of TiO
2
Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Nanocomposites
for Efective of Photocatalytic Decolorization of Dye Efuent
Mai Foaad Elshahawy
1
· Ghada Adel Mahmoud
1
· Amany Ismail Raafat
1
· Amr El‑Hag Ali
1
· El said Ahmed Soliman
2
Received: 5 November 2019 / Accepted: 1 February 2020
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were successfully prepared through chemical reduction of GO that was prepared by
modifed Hummer’s method. Characterization of GO and RGO was performed using di ferent techniques and they
were trapped in acrylic acid (PAAc) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form (PVA/PAAc)–GO and (PVA/PAAc)–RGO
nanocomposites using gamma irradiation technique. Characterization the prepared nanocomposite was investigated
using X-ray difraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM),
and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TiO
2
was also trapped in the nanocomposite matrix to perform (PVA/
PAAc)–GO–TiO
2
and (PVA/PAAc)–RGO–TiO
2
nanocomposite hydrogels. It was found that the crystallite size of (PVA/
PAAc)–TiO
2
, (PVA/PAAc)–GO–TiO
2
and (PVA/PAAc)–RGO–TiO
2
nanocomposite calculated using Debye–Scherrer’s
equation are 52.8, 26.02, and 23 nm, respectively. The surface morphology explained a good dispersion of GO within
(PVA/PAAc)–GO–TiO
2
and (PVA/PAAc)–RGO–TiO
2
appears as a porous structure. The photocatalytic activity of the
obtained nanocomposites was tested for the photodecolorization of direct blue 71 dye (DB71) in the aqueous medium
under UV light. A complete decolorization of DB71 was achieved after 40 min at pH 6 in the presence of 2 mL/L hydro-
gen peroxide. The rate of photodecolorization follows Langmuir Hinshelwood pseudo-frst-order kinetics. It was also
obtained that (PVA/PAAc)–RGO–TiO
2
nanocomposites can be reused for ten times with full activity.
Extended author information available on the last page of the article