Journal of Novel Applied Sciences
Available online at www.jnasci.org
©2013 JNAS Journal-2013-2-9/398-409
ISSN 2322-5149 ©2013 JNAS
Strategies to empower the marginalized
communities of Ghale Chanan District in Ahwaz
Province
Jawad Bawi
1*
and Mohammad Rahim Rahnama
2
1- PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, International
Branch, Mashhad, Iran
2- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad ,Mashhad, Iran
Corresponding author: Jawad Bawi
ABSTRACT: The main objective of this study is to investigate the problem of marginalization in city of
Ahwaz and to propose empowering strategies within the liberal framework. The staggering growth of
Ahwaz population as the regional center in the Southwest of Iran, the seventh metropolis of Iran and the
second largest city in terms of marginalization have given rise to a plethora of problems such as filthy
marginalized communities, illegal housing, etc. One of these marginalized communities is Ghale Chanan
District. It has been infused with numerous problems in the last few decades to the extent that it poses
health, safety and welfare threats to the city. Empowerment is based on the poverty alleviation and its
advancement depends on the cooperation of the citizens and urban management. It aims at provoking
the sense of belonging in the area and eliciting the proper response as to the share of the state and
people. What is central to this strategy is a special emphasis on increasing household incomes and
poverty alleviation. The research method is descriptive - analytic and a sample size of 266 households
was randomly selected using Cochrane method. The data obtained by means of the questionnaires were
analyzed using SPSS software based on Pearson Chi-Square method. This area is characterized with
physical and social features such as relatively stable and homogenous social context, disinclination to
cooperate with state-run offices, lack of awareness of the urban management planning among the local
people, the low quality of the housing and a combination of all these factors. The results, however, show
that the citizens with a longer history of residency in the area enjoy better amenities and services. There
is a positive (parallel) relationship between the history of residence and the desire to contribute, and the
citizens with higher awareness of urban management planning are more likely to cooperate.
Keywords: marginalization, organization and renovation, empowerment, Ahwaz, Ghale Chenan.
INTRODUCTION
Marginalization is rooted in the history of human social life and its manifestations have been the ethnic,
religious ghettos used as settlements of the poor in the ancient societies. In its modern sense, this phenomenon
have been incited by the emergence of capitalism and urbanism and the increasing migration from rural areas to
the cities, first at the heart of capitalistic societies and then in under-developed countries. The implications of this
colonialism are the rise of a number of social issues the most important of which are economic interventions,
unemployment and migration from rural areas to the cities, which, in turn, worsen the issue of marginalization
(Rabaniet al., 9005).
One painful yet persistent aspect of this issue in Iran is the nefarious shadow of informal settlement or
marginalization which has been the upshot of the unrefined waste of an unbalanced urban economy and poverty-
alleviation culture on one hand and the lack of attention paid to this issue on the other hand. Thus, it has imposed
behavioral abnormalities and aberrations on their receptive destination, i.e. cities. Rural migration and rapid growth
of urbanization along with the rise of marginalization, the inefficiencies and difficulties of the urban life and the lack