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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(3): 379-382
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2018; 6(3): 379-382
© 2018 JEZS
Received: 23-03-2018
Accepted: 24-04-2018
Hina Nisar
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Shah Alam Khan
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Zafrullah Khan
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Ahmad -Ur- Rahman Saljoqi
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Saddam Hussain
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Noor Muhammad
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Correspondence
Hina Nisar
Department of Plant Protection,
The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Pakistan
Relative susceptibility of four wheat cultivars
against angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealella
(Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae)
Hina Nisar, Shah Alam Khan, Zafrullah Khan, Ahmad -Ur- Rahman
Saljoqi, Saddam Hussain and Noor Muhammad
Abstract
The present study was conducted during 2009 at the month September-December to evaluate the
susceptibility of four wheat cultivars against Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) at
28±2 °C, L: D 12:12 hours in laboratory. The results were evaluated on the basis of developmental
period, total progeny, percent damage, percent weight loss, grain size and to record their correlation for
susceptibility. The results revealed that none of the cultivar was completely immune to the attack of this
pest. However their response varied significantly. Weight loss being main index of susceptibility, cultivar
Uqab (24.67) was recorded susceptible followed by Saleem 2000 (21.99) and Ghaznawi (10.48) and the
Fakhre-Sarhad (8.347) was recorded tolerant. The cultivar Fakhre-Sarhad was significantly tolerant
against Sitotroga cerealella compared to the tested cultivars. Further research should to be done to screen
and evaluate more cultivars against S. cerealella.
Keywords: Wheat, Sitotroga cerealella, cultivars, susceptibility, resistance, life cycle
1. Introduction
Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.) belong to family Graminae is one of the most important
cultivated crops in the world. As a food component wheat is the prime source of protein and
energy for living being
[18]
. In Pakistan wheat consumption is very high even ranked first
among all cereals. Green revolution and autonomy in food production is a symbol of wheat
cultivation on large area. With the introduction of modern techniques in agriculture wheat
production highly elevated
[4]
.Wheat is produced about 90 percent throughout the world and
most of this production is consumed by humans. The cultivation of wheat crop in Pakistan is
on several million hectares areas to generate income for the agriculture community
[2]
.
It is assessed that due to insect pest 5-10 percent loss occur during storage of the world wheat
production. In tropical countries where temperature and humidity is high in summer season the
losses increased up to 50 percent
[18]
. These losses have been reached up to 50% in tropical
countries, where humidity and temperature run high in summers
[3]
. Every year 10-15 percent
post-harvest of wheat crop occurs in Pakistan. Insects larvaes and adult are present in almost
75 percent samples collected from different areas
[8, 5]
.
Several insect pest attack wheat during storage in Pakistan, i.e., lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha
dominicia (F). Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, granary weevil, Sitophilus
granarius L.,), red flour beetle, and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)
[19, 23]
. Among these insect
pest Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) is the serious threat to stored rice,
maize and wheat
[12, 20, 9, 7, 19]
. Sitotroga cerealella female lay eggs singly or in group on grains
in the field and thus the wheat infestation starts. The infestation of wheat with S. cerealella
starts in the field as females lay their eggs singly or in groups on grains
[11]
. In the milk stage
inside the grains the larvae start feeding and pass their life and detection of infection at this
stage is very difficult. The S. cerealella adult insect make a visible hole at one end and coming
out from the grain. The emerge adults are active and fly to infest other storages, therefore
cause deterioration of seeds through fungal disease development which reduce germination
[1]
.
Arthropods sample recorded from stored products at five different locations in Romania during
1989-91. It was observed that S. cerealella was one of the most harmful pests of stored
product among arthropods
[10]
. In Pakistan, the pest has been reported to cause damage in most
of cereals incurring heavy losses to the commodity
[2, 14]
.