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Micro and Nanosystems, 2020, 12, 000-000 1
RESEARCH ARTICLE
1876-4029/20 $58.00+.00 ©2020 Bentham Science Publishers
Improved Domino Logic Circuits and its Application in Wide Fan-in OR
Gates
Deepika Bansal
1,*
, Bal Chand Nagar
2
, Brahamdeo Prasad Singh
1
and Ajay Kumar
3
1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan India;
2
Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, India;
3
Department of Mecha-
tronics Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Abstract: The main concern in efficient VLSI circuit designing is low-power consumption, high-
speed and noise tolerance capability. In this paper, two efficient and high-performance topologies are
proposed for cascaded domino logic using carbon nanotube MOSFETs (CN-MOSFETs). The first to-
pology is designed to remove the intermediate charge sharing problem without any keeper circuit,
whereas the second one holds the true logic level of the evaluation phase without any voltage drop for
the next precharge phase. The proposed topologies are suitable for cascading of the high-performance
domino circuits. A wide fan-in domino OR gate circuits are designed as a benchmark to verify the
proposed topologies. The proposed domino circuits are tested and verified using Synopsys HSPICE
simulator with 32nm CN-MOSFET technology provided by Stanford University. The power delay
product of proposed DL-I and DL-II improves by 32.59 % and 40.98 % for 8-input OR gate as com-
pared to standard logic respectively at a clock frequency of 500 MHz. The simulation results validate
that the proposed circuits improve the performance of pseudo domino logic with respect to leakage
power consumption, delay and unity noise gain.
A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y
Received: April 09, 2019
Revised: May 28, 2019
Accepted: June 25, 2019
DOI:
10.2174/1876402911666190716161631
Keywords: Dynamic logic, carbon nano-tubes, CN-MOSFET, keeper, stack, charge sharing.
1. INTRODUCTION
The scaling of the complementary metal oxide semicon-
ductor Field effect transistor (CMOS) technology in na-
nometer scale leads to short channel effects, high power den-
sity, high leakage currents and reliability issues [1]. Howev-
er, high density, energy efficient, low power and battery op-
erated applications are required in the area of medical and
communication systems. Alternative nano-devices such as
carbon nanotube MOSFETs (CN-MOSFETs) [2], single
electron transistor (SET) [3] and quantum-dot cellular au-
tomata (QCA) [4] are required to overcome these serious
challenges at nanoscale technologies.
Dynamic logic circuits are used for high-performance
digital circuit design, which cannot be achieved in other log-
ic styles such as static logic [5]. The high-performance cir-
cuits are designed for wide fan-in logic gates [6], which are
typically used in the register file for high-performance mi-
croprocessor [7], read-circuit in memory, ternary content
addressable memory, tag comparators, flash memories, wide
multiplexers/de-multiplexers, and programmable logic arrays
(PLAs) [8]. The domino circuits are implemented using
*Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Electronics
and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan,
303007 India; Tel: +91 7742889057;
E-mail: deepika.bansal@jaipur.manipal.edu
CN-MOSFETs that reduce large area (due to the same size
of p-channel and n-channel CN-MOSFETs) [9].
On the other hand, the main drawback of the dynamic
circuits is that they are very sensitive to noise (due to lower
noise margins) and consume high static power (due to charge
leakage) as compared to static circuits.
A keeper (or bleeder) topology is used in the convention-
al method to improve the charge sharing problem [10]. It
prevents undesired discharging at the dynamic node due to
leakage current and charge sharing of the pull-down network
(PDN) during the evaluation phase [11]. Keeper improves
the noise performance and robustness by increasing the
keeper ratio at the cost of delay and power dissipation. How-
ever, these problems are a serious issue in wide fan-in logic
gates due to a large number of leaky n-channel MOSFETs
connected to the dynamic node. To overcome such issues,
several keeper techniques are available in the literature given
as follows: efficient keeper for domino [12], conditional
keeper domino (CKD) [13], high speed domino (HSD) [14],
leakage current replica keeper domino (LCRKD) [15], con-
trolled keeper by current comparison domino (CKCCD)
[16], and ultra-low power stacked (ULP-ST) domino logic
[17]. Each keeper circuit [10-17] performs the similar task
with dissimilarity in the execution. Some require more pow-
er, some need a large area and some have more delay. In a
few published articles, the keeper transistors are used to re-