A periphery inside a semi-periphery: The uneven participation of Brazilian scholars in the international community Kátia Monteiro a, * , Eliana Hirano b a Department of Applied Linguistics, Georgia State University, 25 Park Place, 15th floor, Atlanta, GA, 30303, Georgia b Department of Teacher Education, Berry College, 2277 Martha Berry Hwy NW, Mount Berry, GA 30149, Georgia article info Article history: Keywords: English for research publication purposes Multilingual scholars International publication Disciplinary culture abstract The internationalization of academic production has changed the publishing culture in all corners of the world with increasing participation of scholars from semi-peripheral countries in international journals (Belcher, 2007). While there has been growing in- terest in how multilingual scholars see this internationalization process, little is known about Brazil. To address this gap, a survey was distributed to scholars (N ¼ 290) from different research fields in this country. The analysis of the data revealed important disciplinary differences, suggesting the existence of a peripheral group of scholars inside this semi-peripheral country. The scholars from the exact and biological sciences re- ported that they publish in English much more frequently than Portuguese, and few reported language-related issues. They contested the existence of a nativeness bias, although some perceived prejudice against Latin-American research. Scholars from the humanities and the social sciences publish substantially less in international journals, reporting challenges particularly with language. Overall, the data suggest that interna- tional publication has become part of the disciplinary culture in Brazil in the hard sci- ences while the humanities and the social sciences seem to remain in a peripheral position. This appears to be particularly true for disciplines such as education and lan- guage and literature. Ó 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction As English spread as the lingua franca of the academic world, so did the discussion of its impact on international publi- cation, especially for those who do not speak English as a first language (Kuteeva & Mauranen, 2014). Scholars around the globe were pressured to accept the dominance of the discourses from the center of academic writing, primarily composed of Anglophone countries and wealthy nations (Solovova, Santos, & Veríssimo, 2018), leaving those who cannot publish in English to academic isolation (Canagarajah, 2002). Despite the centripetal force of English monoculturalism (Hanauer & Englander, 2011), the literature on multilingual academics’ perceptions suggests that scholars have ambivalent views towards * Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: katia.re.monteiro@gmail.com (K. Monteiro), ehirano@berry.edu (E. Hirano). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect English for Specific Purposes journal homepage: http://ees.elsevier.com/esp/default.asp https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2019.11.001 0889-4906/Ó 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. English for Specific Purposes 58 (2020) 15–29