International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol. 11, No. 3, September 2022, pp. 942~948 ISSN: 2252-8806, DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v11i3.21291  942 Journal homepage: http://ijphs.iaescore.com The chitosan cembrane cffectiveness of Anadara granosa clam shells to remove total coliform in greywater Pradevi Milafitri Farista Ananto 1 , Eri Iva Rustanti 1 , Marlik Marlik 1 , Darjati Darjati 1 , Yudied Agung Mirasa 2 1 Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia 2 Centre of Environmental Health and Disease Control, Surabaya, Indonesia Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Sep 6, 2021 Revised May 17, 2022 Accepted Jun 21, 2022 Clam shell is a solid trash that has a rough texture, difficult to digest, and polluting the environment. Blood clam shells (Anadara granosa) contain chitin, which is converted into antimicrobial chitosan. The purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of chitosan membrane from blood clam shells in reducing total coliform bacteria in household greywater. This study was carried out using experimental research method design. This research focused on household greywater waste. The chitosan concentrations on the membrane varied between 2.5% and 3.5% with filtration times of 20 and 60 minutes. The Anova Quadratic model test was further used to examine the data. Chitosan was separated from the shell of the blood clam at peak angles of 19.66° and 26.04° according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. It was obtained that chitosan membrane, with a concentration of 3.5% and a filtering duration of 60 minutes, provided the highest percentage of total coliform bacteria reduction of 99.9%. The conclusion of this study is that blood clam shells used as chitosan membranes can reduce total coliform bacteria in household greywater waste. Keywords: Blood calm shell Chitosan membrane Total coliform bacteria This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Eri Iva Rustanti Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya Pucang Jajar Tengah No. 56, Surabaya, Indonesia Email: ivarust.eri@poltekkesdepkes-sby.ac.id 1. INTRODUCTION One of the marine resources found in several kinds of shellfish. Blood clam (Anadara granosa) belongs to the Arcidae family and the Bivalvia class. The red-brown meat of Anadara granosa gives it the name "blood clam." This clam, popularly known as blood clam, is a type of clam that possesses a red blood- producing pigment (hemoglobin) that binds oxygen to mussel meat, allowing it to exist in low-oxygen environments and survive even without water [1], [2]. One species of shellfish that is commonly consumed by the general public is blood clam shell (Anadara granosa) [3]. The more shellfish consumed; the more waste is produced. As reported in the Surabaya Story daily on March 4, 2019, shellfish trash that continues to build due to its difficulty in decomposition would progressively harm the surrounding ecosystem. Since the landfill cannot handle the big volume of blood clam shell debris, it is piled on Kenjeran beach [4]. The community's processing is still ineffective in reducing the accumulation of shellfish waste on Kenjeran Beach, so this study was conducted by converting blood clam shells ( Anadara granosa) waste into chitin and chitosan, which were then modified into filtration membranes and made into useful products that have a great monetary worth [5]. Total coliform bacteria and heavy metals can be reduced using chitin and