International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research ISSN: 2321-3124 Research Article Available at: http://ijmcr.com 216|Int. J. of Multidisciplinary and Current research, Vol.4 (March/April 2016) Role of Ultrasound in Finding the Relationship between Placental Location and Fetal Gender Hwida M. H. Hammad 3 , Ala. M. Abd Elgyoum 1,2 and Ahmed Abdelrahim 4* 1 Taif University, college of applied medical science, P.O. Box 2425, Post Code 21944, Taif KSA 2 National Ribat Universities, Nile Street Burri, Postal Code 11111, Khartoum, Sudan 3 Ahfad Family Health Center, Alardda Street Omdurman, Khartoum, Sudan 4 Faculties of Radiology Science and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, P.O. Box 1432, Khartoum, North Sudan *Corresponding author’s Mobile phone: 00249912817187 Accepted 05 March 2016, Available online 10 March 2016, Vol.4 (March/April 2016 issue) Abstract An analytic, observational study was performed at multi-centers and hospitals in Khartoum state, during the period from (February –July 2014). The aim of the study was to determine the role of ultrasound in relationship between placental location and fetal gender in second and third trimester of pregnancy. The study excluded congenital abnormal uterus, multiple pregnancies in normal uterus and fetal demises, congenital fetal anomalies, technical factors make fetal gender not clear. The study followed international scanning guideline and protocol to localize placenta and to detect fetal gender. The data was collected, classified and analyzed by using SPSS. The analysis of the results found that the most age group in this study 26-35 years with percentage of 64% , most of them have no history of C/S or abnormal placental location. The most placenta were located posterior, most gender determined in this study were males. The study found that there is good relationship between placental location and fetal gender, when the placenta was located posteriorly high proportion were females, and when located anteriorly high proportion was were males. The study recommended more research should be done with increased duration and sample volume for more accurate results. Keywords: Placental, Fetal Gender, US. 1. Introduction Documentation of fetal gender has medical as well social implications, and the use of ultrasound to evaluate the placenta is routine among the majority of pregnant women. (1) All studies in this field contribute to advances in knowledge by understanding the history of fetal gender and various location of placenta, adequate visualization of the fetal gender is feasible by high-resolution real-time ultrasonography during the prenatal examination, technical difficulties that were reported relate to fetal presentation, number of fetuses, fetal activity, amniotic fluid volume, and maternal obesity or bowel gas. (2) The fetal sex can be determined as early as 13 to 14 weeks; most sonographers agree that the sonographic detection rate sharply increases after 18 weeks of gestation. Some reasons of detecting fetal gender are abnormal genitalia in X-linked disorders, testicular feminization, pseudo hermaphroditism, hydrocele. (2) Determination of fetal sex is not only done for parental curiosity but also has many medical advantages. Accurately assessing fetal sex can assist in assigning zygosity in twin pregnancies. Ambiguity of the genitalia can occasionally be detected sonographically after detecting other abnormalities, because of a relevant family history. Some cases are diagnosed after careful evaluation of fetal gender because of an antenatal discrepancy between the fetal karyotype and the genital anatomy. (2) Up to 11 weeks of gestation the growth and the development of the external genitalia is identical in both sexes. After this there is rapid differentiation of the genital tubercle into the male or the female phallus. As significant differences in the rate of penile and clitoral growth only become evident after 14 weeks, when most of the prenatal growth of the penis occurs, evaluating phallic size before this time will lead to erroneous gender assignment. ( 2) Placental locations Normally, the placenta is located in the fundal area on the left or right lateral side, the posterior or the anterior side or a combination thereof. The most important clinically useful distinction of the location is the relation between the lower portions of the placenta and the internal os of the uterus (2)