Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 2013, Article ID 943187, 10 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/943187
Research Article
Butein Inhibits Angiogenesis of Human Endothelial Progenitor
Cells via the Translation Dependent Signaling Pathway
Ching-Hu Chung,
1
Chien-Hsin Chang,
2
Shiou-Sheng Chen,
3,4
Hsueh-Hsiao Wang,
5
Juei-Yu Yen,
5
Che-Jen Hsiao,
6
Nan-Lin Wu,
7
Yen-Ling Chen,
8
Tur-Fu Huang,
2
Po-Chuan Wang,
9
Hung-I Yeh,
5,10
and Shih-Wei Wang
5
1
Department of Pharmacology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
2
Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
3
Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan
4
Department of Urology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
5
Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
6
School of Respiratory Terapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
7
Department of Dermatology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
8
Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
9
Department of Gastroenterology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
10
Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
Correspondence should be addressed to
Po-Chuan Wang; a5965@ms7.mmh.org.tw and Shih-Wei Wang; shihwei@mmc.edu.tw
Received 27 March 2013; Accepted 9 May 2013
Academic Editor: Shun-Fa Yang
Copyright © 2013 Ching-Hu Chung et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Compelling evidence indicates that bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can contribute to postnatal
neovascularization and tumor angiogenesis. EPCs have been shown to play a “catalytic” role in metastatic progression by mediating
the angiogenic switch. Understanding the pharmacological functions and molecular targets of natural products is critical for
drug development. Butein, a natural chalcone derivative, has been reported to exert potent anticancer activity. However, the
antiangiogenic activity of butein has not been addressed. In this study, we found that butein inhibited serum- and vascular
endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human EPCs in a concentration
dependent manner without cytotoxic efect. Furthermore, butein markedly abrogated VEGF-induced vessels sprouting from aortic
rings and suppressed microvessel formation in the Matrigel implant assay in vivo. In addition, butein concentration-dependently
repressed the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and the major downstream efectors, p70S6K, 4E-BP1, and eIF4E in EPCs. Taken
together, our results demonstrate for the frst time that butein exhibits the antiangiogenic efect both in vitro and in vivo by targeting
the translational machinery. Butein is a promising angiogenesis inhibitor with the potential for treatment of cancer and other
angiogenesis-related diseases.
1. Introduction
Angiogenesis plays a critical role in physiological conditions
such as embryonic development, reproduction, tissue repair,
and bone remodeling. In contrast, angiogenesis is an impor-
tant process for tumor progression and various infammatory
diseases [1]. Angiogenesis is the result of complex efect on
cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Tis process mainly
involves endothelial cells proliferation, migration, tube for-
mation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation [2].
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent
angiogenic factor, which is primarily secreted by cancer cells
to mediate tumor angiogenesis via binding to VEGF receptor
(VEGF-R). Terefore, targeting VEGF/VEGF-R axis to block