International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | December 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 12 Page 5154
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Gandhi JA et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2016 Dec;4(12):5154-5158
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Original Research Article
To assess the role of multisite instillation of bupivacaine-xylocaine
combination for reducing post-operative pain after elective
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Jignesh A. Gandhi, Pravin H. Shinde*, Pratik D. Patil, Samarth A. Thakkar, Rohan D. Digarse
INTRODUCTION
Laparoscopic techniques have evolved rapidly over the
last two decades. This mode of access offers patients the
benefits of quick recovery and early return to normal
activities, compared with the traditional laparotomy
approach. In spite of advancements, pain is often the
main factor that hinders return to normal activities. Pain
following laparoscopic surgery is multifactorial, arising
from trocar sites (somatic pain), operative site (visceral
pain), and shoulder pain (referred from diaphragmatic
irritation because of pneumo-peritoneum). Currently no
standard of care exists regarding the use of local
analgesia in laparoscopic surgeries. Previous clinical
trials have shown controversial results with
intraperitoneal and trocar site analgesia after
cholecystectomy in minimizing postoperative pain.
1,2
The
site of local anaesthetic instillation, timing of
administration, differences in local anaesthetic dosages,
and non-homogeneous delivery of analgesic solutions
within the abdominal cavity all may contribute to
inconsistent results. Aim of the study was to assess
ABSTRACT
Background: Pain following laparoscopic surgery is multifactorial, arising from trocar sites (somatic pain), operative
site (visceral pain) and shoulder pain (referred from diaphragmatic irritation because of pneumo-peritoneum).
Currently no standard of care exists to reduce post-operative pain by use of local analgesia in laparoscopic
cholecystectomy. Despite many studies, there are contradictory results. Aim of the study was to assess whether
instillation of local anaesthetics at trocar sites and intraperitoneally, reduces the amount of pain experienced in the
immediate postoperative period after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of General Surgery in a tertiary medical Centre in
Mumbai. 75 subjects were randomized into 2 groups. Group A consisting of 38 patients were subjected to multisite
instillation of LA combination (bupivacaine+xylocaine) at trocar site, gall bladder fossa, sub diaphragmatic space.
Group B, (control group) consisting of 37 patients was given no such LA. Post operatively, pain was assessed by VAS
scale (0-100) at 1,4,24 hours. Both the groups were compared and analysed.
Results: Group A showed significantly reduced pain scores at 1, 4 and 24 hours post operatively as compared to
group B.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that multisite infiltration of local anesthetic combination (bupivacaine+xylocaine)
after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery significantly reduces pain at 1, 4 and 24 hours postoperatively.
Keywords: Bupivacaine, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Multisite instillation, Postoperative pain, Xylocaine
Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
Received: 18 October 2016
Accepted: 22 October 2016
*Correspondence:
Dr. Pravin Shinde,
E-mail: drpravinshinde@yahoo.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20164012