... ﺍﻭﭘﻴﻤﻮﺱ ﺭﻭﻣﺒﻮﻣﻴﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻛﺘﻮﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ/ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺁﺫﺭﻣﻰ ﺳﺤﺮ 291 Sahar Azarmi MSc Student, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Reza Zahraei-Ramazani * PhD, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.(Corresponding Author): azahraei@tums.ac.ir Mehdi Mohebali PhD, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amir Ahmad Akhavan PhD, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Yavar Rassi PhD, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahboubeh Parsaeian PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatstcs, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Reza Saboori PhD, Department of Plant Protecton, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Zabiholah Zarei MSc, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amrollah Azarm MSc, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Rahimeh Abdoli MSc Student, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hamid Abdoli MSc, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Esfahan Health Research Staton, Natonal Insttute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran. Received: 2018/10/03 Accepted: 2018/12/11 Document Type: Research artcle Journal of Research in Environmental Health Volume 4, Issue 4, Winter 2019 291 An Environmental Study on Ectoparasites of Rhombomys opimus (Rodenta: Gerbillinae); the Main Reservoir Host of Zoono tc Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Hyperendemic Foci in Segzi, Esfahan Province ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Rodents have an important role in the maintenance and transmission of various pathogens and their ectoparasites are vectors of many dangerous diseases. This study was done to determine funa of ectoparasites of zoonotc cutaneous leishmaniasis reservoirs from October 2016 to October 2017 in the hyperendemic area (Segzi area), in Esfahan Province. Materials and Methods: Rodents were collected by Sherman’s Living Traps during different seasons and were identfied by the standard morphological keys and comparison of morphometric characteristcs with standard specimens. The collected rodents were anesthetzed and ectoparasites were removed and conserved in 96% Alcohol. Then the ectoparasites were identfied by the standard keys. Results: Ninety-two Rhombomys opimus and 1 Nesokia indica were captured. 50 out of 93 rodents (53.88%) were infested by the ectoparasites and a total of 527 ectoparasites (100%) were collected from them. The 9 species of identfied ectoparasites were included 1 tck (0.19% Rhipicephalus sanguineus), 1 sucking lice (0.19% Polyplax spp.), 5 fleas (75.71% Xenopsylla nutalli, 8.73% Echidnophaga oschanini, 0.95% Nosopsyllus ziarus, 0.95% Coptopsylla mesghalii and 0.19% Nosopsyllus turkmenicus turkmenicus) and 2 mites (7.78% Dermanyssus sanguineus and 5.31% Hirstonyssus sp.). Conclusion: The current study showed that R. opimus rats are found in large numbers in Segzi area and the X. nutalli fleas were the most frequency. It is suggested to prevent the prevalence of vector- and rodent-borne diseases, the populaton of rodents and their ectoparasites should be controlled using the Methods: of Environmental Health Engineering at the same tme. Keywords: Ectoparasites, Esfahan, Rhombomys opimus, Segzi, Zoonotc Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.  Citaton: Azarmi S, Zahraei-Ramazani A, Mohebali M, Akhavan A, Rassi Y, Parsaeian M, Saboori A, Zarei Z, Azarm A, Abdoli R, Abdoli H. An Environmental Study on Ectoparasites of Rhombomys opimus (Rodenta: Gerbillinae); the Main Reservoir Host of Zoonotc Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Hyperendemic Foci in Segzi, Esfahan Province. Iranian Journal of Research in Environmental Health. Winter 2019;4 (4): 291-301.