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Materials Today: Proceedings 5 (2018) 17239–17246 www.materialstoday.com/proceedings
2214-7853© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of Advances in Materials & Processing: Challenges & Opportunities (AMPCO-2017).
AMPCO-2017
Nitridation of Fe-2.3 wt.% Al alloy powder and its compaction by
spark plasma sintering
Akeshwar Singh Yadav, Sunil Kumar Rajulapati and Sai Ramudu Meka*
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee- 247667, India
Abstract
Development of nanosized alloying element nitride particles in ferrite matrix of steels is known to drastically enhance the
mechanical properties of steels. In this study we have investigated the nitriding induced phase transformations in Fe-2.3wt.% Al
alloy powder followed by further investigation on spark plasma sintering (SPS) of this nitrided powder. Microstructure of the
specimens was characterized employing Light microscopy, Hardness measurements and X-ray diffraction. Nitriding was carried
at 560
o
C in a flowing ammonia gas in an industrial scale gas nitriding facility. After the nitriding treatment the entire powder
particles got transformed to iron-nitrides (γʹ-Fe
4
N
1-x
and ε-Fe
3
N
1+y
) and some iron-oxides (Fe
2
O
3
and Fe
3
O
4
) have also developed.
During SPS of the nitrided powder, all iron-nitrides got dissociated into iron and N
2
gas which has been attributed to the
metastable nature of iron-nitrides. Additionally, the initially present iron-oxides have transformed to FeO which has been
ascribed to FeO being stable oxide at sintering temperature of 900
o
C and the rapid cooling of sample after sintering. Although a
significant increase in hardness has occurred due to the application of nitriding treatment to powders before SPS, the SPSed
compacts are brittle due to the presence of iron-oxides and the porosity.
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of Advances in Materials & Processing: Challenges & Opportunities (AMPCO-2017).
Keywords:nitriding; iron-nitride; iron-oxide, ferritic-steels; spark-plasma-sintering (SPS)
1. Introduction
Nitriding is a well-known thermo-chemical surface treatment used to improve the mechanical properties of the
iron and steel substrate [1-3]. Nitriding of steels containing aluminium has been studied by several researchers [4-6].
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +917060933840.
E-mail address: mekafmt@iitr.ac.in