Global Journal of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Research ISSN: 2455-5363 DOI CC By 009 Citation: Huong NT, Hong Lien NT, Hong Ngoc NT, Hong Hanh LT, Duong TT (2017) Human Trichinosis in rural area Mountainous Provinces in Vietnam in 2015- 2016. Glob J Infect Dis Clin Res 3(1): 009-014. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5363.000012 Clinical Group Abstract Trichinellosis is an important food borne parasitic zoonosis caused by nematodes in the world. From 1967 to 2013, six outbreaks of trichinellosis have been documented in four mountainous provinces of North Vietnam. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of association of individual factors with current human Trichinellosis in endemic areas. Baseline cross-sectional data collected between May 2015 and June 2016 from a large community randomized-control trial were used. We interviewed a total of 4,362 individuals who provided serum samples to assess ELISA assay to detect anti-Trichinella immunoglobulin G. The association between individual factors and the prevalence of current infection with Trichinellosis was analysis by Stata 12.0. The results obtained suggest that increasing age, being male and consuming pork as well as a larger proportion of roaming pigs, are at higher risk of infection. Furthermore, consuming pork at another village market had the highest increased prevalence odds of current infection. A survey of trichinellosis seroprevalence in these five districts showed the disease to be associated with consuming raw pork (OR=2.84, p<0.05). Seroprevalence was estimated with 95% confidence and was in the range 0% - 10.5%. For control of trichinellosis to be improved, the factors identified as influencing its maintenance in the study areas must be communicated to the local administrative organizations and veterinary and public health offices. Research Article Human Trichinosis in rural area Mountainous Provinces in Vietnam in 2015-2016 Nguyen Thu Huong 1,3 *, Nguyen Thi Hong Lien 1 , Nguyen Thi Hong Ngoc 1 , Le Thi Hong Hanh 2 and Tran Thanh Duong 1,3 1 National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Vietnam 2 National Hospital of Pediatrics 3 FEPT Vietnam Dates: Received: 15 June, 2017; Accepted: 10 July, 2017; Published: 11 July, 2017 *Corresponding author: Nguyen Thu Huong, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Vietnam, E-mail: Keywords: Human trichinellosis; Mountainous regions; ELISA; Interview https://www.peertechz.com Introduction Trichinellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the ingestion of larvae of Trichinella nematodes, occurs globally and has commonly been reported in Southeast Asia [1]. Trichinosis is a disease caused by the larvae, ‘trichinae’, of a small nematode worm (Trichinella spiralis), which can affect many species including humans. People can become infected by eating raw, undercooked or processed meat from pigs, wild boar, horses or game that contain the trichinae. The infection commonly causes symptoms such as diarrhoea, abdominal cramps and malaise. It can progress, causing fever, muscle pain and headaches and in severe cases may affect the vital organs possibly leading to meningitis, pneumonia or even death [1,2]. The disease is related to lack of understandings, habit of eating raw or undercooked meat; in additions, slaughtering animals for food not controlled by food safety and hygiene controls or livestock grazing are important factors that help infection of the diseases. Trichinella is found in domesticated animals (mostly pigs) in 43 countries (21,9%) and in wildlife animals in about 66 countries (33,3%) [3]. Human trichinosis is documented in 55 countries (27,8%) in the world [2]. There are reported 8 species of Trichinella (T. spiralis, T. nativa, T. britovi, T. murrelli, T. nelsoni, T. pseudospiralis, T. papure và T. zimbabwensis) and 4 genotypes (T6, T8, T9, T12). All of those species and genotypes are classified into 2 major groups based on whether muscle- stage larvae is encapsulated or not [1]. In Asia, Trichinella spp. infection has confirmed in humans in 18 countries, domestic animals (mainly pigs) in 9 countries, and wildlife in 14 countries [4]. T. spiralis has a regional distribution [4] with the majority of outbreaks recorded in the ethnically diverse regions of central and northern Laos, northern Thailand and northwest Vietnam where consumption of uncooked pork is common [5-7]. In Vietnam, Trichinella sp. was detected for the first time in 1923 in two (0.04%) of 4,952 pigs tested in Hanoi [8]. Trichinellosis was diagnosed among six soldiers in Saigon, two of whom died, in 1953 [9]. During 1967-2013, human trichinosis caused by Trichinella spiralis is documented in at least 6 outbreaks with 134 who was diagnosed patients, of which 8 (6.1%) died in mountainous provinces in the North region with four provinces as Yen Bai, Son La, Dien Bien and Thanh Hoa. All infected people had consumed raw pork, it means Lap food, from backyard and roaming pigs or wild boar at wedding, funeral, or New Year parties [10]. More recently, T.