208
CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH
Number 383, pp. 208–213
© 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
A system for assessing the results of tibialis pos-
terior tendon transfers in the treatment of foot
drop secondary to nerve palsy is proposed.
There are seven sections to this scoring system:
pain, need for orthosis, ability to wear normal
shoes, activity level, muscle power of ankle dor-
siflexion, degree of active ankle dorsiflexion, and
foot posture. The total score is 100. The results
are classified as excellent for scores between 85
and 100, good between 70 and 84, fair between
55 and 69, and poor for scores below 55. The re-
sults of 18 patients (mean followup, 64.6
months) who had a tibialis posterior tendon
transfer were assessed using this method. Four
patients (22.2%) had an excellent result, seven
(38.8%) had a good result, two (11.1%) had a
fair result, and five (27.7%) had a poor result.
The average score was 67.2, suggesting an over-
all fair result for this operation. In nine patients,
there was correlation between the outcome
when assessed with this method and with patient
rating. In two patients, the outcomes were bet-
ter when assessed with this method than with
patient rating, whereas the reverse was true in
seven other patients. Thus, this system may pro-
vide a more objective and critical evaluation of
tibialis posterior transfers for foot drop.
Although many methods have been described
for performing a tibialis posterior tendon
transfer for the treatment of a foot drop, the
methods used to evaluate the results of the
transfer have not been clearly defined.
Watkins et al
17
in 1954 reported 17 excellent
results, seven good results, and one fair result.
The results were excellent if there was satis-
factory improvement in the foot posture with
good power of the transplanted muscle and if
the gait was significantly better. Gunn and
Molesworth
4
in 1957 reported a satisfactory
result in 49 of 53 patients without defining a
satisfactory result clearly.
Lipscomb and Sanchez
6
in 1961 defined a
good result as one where the patient could dor-
siflex the foot to 90° (or within 10° of this) and
plantar flex 20° to 30°. There were eight good
results, one fair result, and one poor result. All
six patients who responded to a questionnaire
stated the surgery had produced appreciable
improvement.
Andersen
1
in 1963 reported 22 excellent re-
sults, 50 good results, 30 fair results, and six
poor results. The assessment was based on the
A Method for Evaluating the Results
of Tendon Transfers for Foot Drop
Joo Seng Yeap, MB, BCh, BAO*;
Dishan Singh, MBBS**; and Rolfe Birch, MBBS**
From the *Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
University Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and
the **Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore,
England.
Reprint requests to Joo Seng Yeap, MB, BCh, BAO, Fac-
ulty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra
Malaysia, Aras 8, Grand Seasons Avenue, 72, Jalan Pa-
hang, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Received: December 17, 1999.
Revised: May 22, 2000.
Accepted: June 13, 2000.