Biomark. Med. (Epub ahead of print) ISSN 1752-0363
part of
Research Article
10.2217/bmm-2016-0053 © Joanna Banach
Background: Melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) is a marker of endothelial
damage. MCAM diagnostic and prognostic value was assessed in chronic heart failure
(CHF). Materials & methods: 130 CHF patients and 32 controls were included in the
study. Telephone follow-up lasted one year. End points were: death from all causes,
and hospitalization with CHF exacerbation. Results: MCAM was higher in patients
than in controls (p = 0.01). Receiver operator curve analysis revealed that MCAM may
serve as a predictor of death (area under the curve: 0.8404; p < 0.002). Patients with
MCAM above 500 ng/ml had worse prognosis (p = 0.03). NT-proBNP and age were
independent predictors of death in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The increased
MCAM indicates endothelial damage in CHF and may serve as a marker of worse
prognosis in these patients.
First draft submitted: 28 February 2016; Accepted for publication: 22 April 2016;
Published online: 29 June 2016
Keywords:chronicheartfailure•melanomacelladhesionmolecule•prognosis
Melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM),
also known as cluster of differentiation mole-
cule 146 (CD 146), is a glycoprotein belong-
ing to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
MCAM was first observed on malignant
melanoma cells, specifically those within
metastatic lesions [1] . It is mostly expressed
on a cell surface, however, it has also been
found within cytoplasm and at the cell–cell
junctions [2,3] . In normal human tissues the
expression of MCAM is limited mainly to
endothelium, where it is concentrated at the
intercellular junctions [4] , but it may also be
encountered on smooth muscle cells, neurons
and in embryonal tissues [5] . MCAM, with
its constitutional expression on endothelium,
is also widely used to detect and isolate circu-
lating endothelial cells (CEC), which serve
as a marker of endothelial damage, observed
in numerous pathological conditions includ-
ing inflammatory [6,7] , infectious [8] , neo-
plastic [9] and cardiovascular disorders [10,11] .
Heart failure was found to be associated with
increased amount of CEC reflecting extensive
endothelial damage [12] . Some authors sug-
gest that endothelial abnormalities encoun-
tered in heart failure patients may contribute
to the elevated thrombotic risk and influence
prognosis in this population [13] . Currently
used methods of CEC quantification based
on immunomagnetic isolation, flow cytom-
etry or fluorescence-activated cell sorting are
technically complex, expensive and time con-
suming. It has been reported that MCAM in
its soluble form found in plasma serves as a
surrogate marker of circulating endothelial
cells [14] . The expression of MCAM on cir-
culating endothelial cells and the observed
correlation between its plasma concentra-
tion and conservatively measured CEC
led to the assumption that soluble MCAM
may be used as the equivalent of CEC. We
Melanoma cell adhesion molecule as an
emerging biomarker with prognostic
significance in systolic heart failure
Joanna Banach*
,1
, Magdalena
Grochowska
1
, Lidia
Gackowska
2
, Katarzyna
Buszko
3
, Robert Bujak
1
,
Wojciech Gilewski
1
,
Izabela Kubiszewska
2
,
Lukasz Wolowiec
1
, Jacek
Michalkiewicz
2
& Wladyslaw
Sinkiewicz
1
1
IIndClinicofCardiology,Colegium
MedicumofNicolausCopernicus
UniversityinBydgoszcz,University
Hospitalnr2inBydgoszcz,Poland
2
DepartmentofImmunology,Collegium
MedicumofNicolausCopernicus
University(NCU)inBydgoszcz,Poland
3
DepartmentofTheoreticalFoundations
ofBiomedicalSciences&Medical
Informatics,ColegiumMedicumof
NicolausCopernicusUniversityin
Bydgoszcz,Poland
*Authorforcorrespondence:
Tel.:/Fax:+48523655653
joannna@op.pl
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