Received: 22 January 2018 | Accepted: 26 April 2018 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27093 REVIEW The diagnostic and prognostic value of copeptin in cardiovascular disease, current status, and prospective Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh 1 | Maryam Ghandehari 2 | Mohammad Reza Parizadeh 1,3 | Gordon A. Ferns 4 | Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan 1,5 | Amir Avan 1,5 | Seyed Mahdi Hassanian 1,3 1 Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 4 Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK 5 Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Correspondence Seyed Mahdi Hassanian, PhD, Depart- ment of Medical Biochemistry School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq. Mashhad 13944‐91388, Iran. Email: hasanianmehrm@mums.ac.ir Amir Avan, PhD, Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq. Mashhad 13944‐91388, Iran. Email: avana@mums.ac.ir Funding information Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Grant/Award Number: 950852; National Institute for Medical research Development, Grant/Award Number: 950852 Abstract Copeptin is a glycosylated peptide derived from the cleavage of the precursor of arginine‐vasopressin. In contrast to arginine‐vasopressin, copeptin is a stable molecule and can easily be measured using a simple rapid assay. The serum concentration of copeptin is increased in several clinical conditions, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and, of special interest in this review, in cardiovascular diseases. The diagnostic and prognostic value of copeptin in different cardiovascular diseases (acute coronary syndrome, stable coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and acute ischemic stroke) has been reviewed in this article, to provide an understanding of how its measurement may be applied to improve the management of these conditions. KEYWORDS biomarker, cardiovascular diseases, copeptin 1 | INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause ofmorbidity and mortality in both men and women globally, and increasingly in developing countries, where it puts a huge burden on healthcare systems. 1,2 The incidence of death related to CVD has risen across the globe during recent decades. 3 Cerebrovascular disease and ischemic heart disease are 2 major causes of mortality and morbidity. 4 There are several established risk factors for CVD, which include: hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, stress, high C‐reactive protein and high red blood cell distribution width. 1 Within the last decade, a large number of new biomarkers for CVD risk have been identified. These novel biomarkers provide useful information and help clinicians to better identify high‐risk individuals and may improve the speed and accuracy of diagnosis. They help plan better interventions for patients with CVD. Copeptin is a neurohormone and a novel biomarker for CVD, which has gained attention recently (Figure 1 and Table 1). Copeptin is the C‐terminal portion of provasopressin. It is a glycosylated polypeptide with 39 amino acids and a molecular weight of approximately 5 kDa and contains a leucine‐rich core segment. 55 Copeptin is cosynthesized with J Cell Biochem. 2018;1–11. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jcb © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. | 1 This study was supported by grants awarded by National Institute for Medical research Development (Grant No. 950852).