International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019 8057 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: C6430098319/2019©BEIESP DOI:10.35940/ijrte.C6430.098319 Abstract: In the recent decades, Wireless Sensor Networks has become an inevitable and dependable research area in the field of communication. Sensor Networks is an apt application for the complicated and instant communication fields like the surveillance in the military services, monitoring of medical analysis and research, detecting forest fire break outs, and detection of acoustics. For an effective application of sensor networks, the research issue shall be laid on the path planning. By path planning it is meant the path through which the mobile beacon should travel without any interruption by enhancing the accuracy in localization process. Of late Global Positioning System (GPS) has become a reliable means for its precision in sensor localization. However, GPS does not provide cost-efficiency or energy-efficiency. As a result, single GPS could be positioned along the travel path. To optimize this constraint, in this paper, an attempt is made to derive the performances of two path planning techniques namely Z-curve and SCAN. It is known that in sensor localizing and for broadcasting of data, the mobile beacon is determined to travel in both directions, viz forward and backward. Comparison is made between the Z-curve trajectory positioned with mobile beacon and SCAN trajectory affixed with mobile beacon having a path planning scheme. The comparison results showed that Z-curve method yielded better performance in terms of high precision and short duration for localization. Further, Z-curve produced only minimum localization error. Keywords : Localization, Beacon node, SCAN, Z-Curve, Trajectory etc. I. INTRODUCTION This Recent research studies in wireless communication technology face a challenging task of developing a compact, efficient and less power sensor node. Such a node is planned to sense the physical environment for sensing and send transmit them to the base station [1]. Generally, wireless sensor networks are equipped with remote sensor nodes, based on the physical environment. These nodes monitor and sense particular geographical region, especially suited for harmful, hazardous and far off locations. A mote contains a micro-controller, memory, power source, a transceiver and ADC. The physical structure of this mote is illustrated in Fig.1. The micro-controller processes the sensed data while the memory cabin stores the information for future reference. The memory cabin passes the information to the base station on the fixed time. Power Revised Manuscript Received on September 23, 2019 C Bala Subramanian 1 *, Department of Information Technology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Viruthunagar Dt., Tamil Nadu. India. Email: baluece@gmail.com S P Balakannan 2 , Department of Information Technology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Viruthunagar Dt., Tamil Nadu. India. Email: balakannansp@gmail.com source is derived from a battery while a transceiver receives and transmits the data signals from other and neighboring nodes. ADC converts the signals from analog channel to digital channels. Finally, there would be minimum one sensor gadget. A sensor node is formed out of combining the mote and the sensor gadget [7]. The sensor receives the power for sensing operations from the built-in battery. Since there is a possibility to prolong the life of the battery, network can be created even in a hazardous or harmful environment. The ease of Sensors facilitates easiness by which they are dispensable and suitable for networks of large sizes. In WSN, the position of anchor nodes is determined by GPS. These anchor nodes duly send and receive the data or information from sensor nodes, and pass to or get back from the base station. Thus, the role of anchor nodes in the sensing process in wireless sensor networks is very vital. Anchor nodes gather and compile the sensed data from attentive field to transfer them to sensor nodes. The position of a sensor node is determined after specifying the destination area of data. This distinguishing of the sensor nodes is called the localization. However, anchor nodes know there are assigned positions [11]. As the anchor nodes are tied with a GPS in each of them, the cost factor is a major constraint. WSNs are designed with large number of sensor nodes and anchor nodes. Hence, providing a GPS for each of the nodes will lead to huge invest of money. So, for cost-efficient method of localization involving sensor nodes is the object of this study [2]. Further, more power will be consumed in the network when GPSs are installed at large number. Localization is done by applying range free technique or range based technique. The choice of these algorithms depends upon the distance factor of the sensor networks. By the first technique range the distance between nodes is measured, by making use of messages from beacon and count of hop. Yet, in practice, neither of these methods yields proper accuracy as a result of low cost and complex architecture. Thus, in this research paper, range free scheme using dual mobile anchor nodes is proposed for localization. On the other hand, in range based scheme, distance between the nodes is measured by adding hardware. This, however, provides appreciable accuracy. There are four procedures of extension procedures namely arrival time, difference in time of arrival, arrival angle, strength of received signal [10]. The proposed technique has been trialed in agricultural environment so as to monitor the sampling of seeds at an unspecified distance. SCAN [9] is an approach in which anchor node navigates the remotely optimized path in an attentive area. This mobile Scan and Z-Curve Trajectory for Mobile Anchor in Localization of Wireless Sensor Network C Bala Subramanian, S P Balakannan