Implementation of an on-line multi-objective particle swarm optimization controllers gains self- adjusted of FC/UC system devoted for electrical vehicle Intissar Darwich, Islem Lachhab, Lotfi Krichen * National Engineering School of Sfax, BP 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia highlights  PSO approach is used in order to determine the optimal PI controllers’ parameters.  Implementation of multi-objective PSO approaches for self-tuning regulators.  The on-line strategies enhance vehicle dynamics and reduce hydrogen consumption.  The on-line method achieved lowest IAE index compared with the conventional one. article info Article history: Received 24 April 2019 Received in revised form 1 September 2019 Accepted 9 September 2019 Available online xxx Keywords: FCHEV PI parameter PSO Optimization Hydrogen consumption abstract In the context of ameliorating the electrical vehicle dynamic, this paper suggests an on-line control based on multi-objective Particle-Swarm-Optimization (MOPSO). This control is applied to Fuel Cell (FC)/Ultra-Capacitor (UC) vehicle in order to enhance the dynamic system and to reduce fuel consumption. The traction system, comprising a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as well as the main power source and the auxiliary energy device, is controlled using PI controllers. The regulators’ gains are adjusted by an energy management system based on off-line PSO, in the first step and on-line MOPSO in the second one. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the two proposed approaches, a New York City cycle profile is implemented as the reference speed of the vehicle model. Theoretical analysis and outcomes display that the on-line self-adjusted PI regulators by MOPSO established on the Integral Absolute Error (IAE) index contributes better to the power management system than conventional regulators based on the same index. © 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction Greenhouse gas emissions, pollution and energy economic plight represent a major obstacle to sustainable mobility [1,2]. Vehicular manufacturers and laboratories researchers highlight on those emerging issues to find some newborn friendly environmental alternatives [3]. In the past decades, there were numerous candidates such as fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), battery electric vehicle and plug-in electric vehicle. Thanks to their zero emission of pollutant substances * Corresponding author. E-mail address: lotfi.krichen@enis.rnu.tn (L. Krichen). Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he international journal of hydrogen energy xxx (xxxx) xxx https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.09.075 0360-3199/© 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Please cite this article as: Darwich I et al., Implementation of an on-line multi-objective particle swarm optimization controllers gains self-adjusted of FC/UC system devoted for electrical vehicle, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijhydene.2019.09.075