Research Article
Matrix Structure of Jacobsthal Numbers
Abdul Hamid Ganie
1
and Mashael M. AlBaidani
2
1
Basic Science Department, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University,
Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence should be addressed to Abdul Hamid Ganie; a.ganie@seu.edu.sa
Received 12 June 2021; Revised 12 July 2021; Accepted 28 July 2021; Published 12 August 2021
Academic Editor: Wilfredo Urbina
Copyright © 2021 Abdul Hamid Ganie and Mashael M. AlBaidani. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original work is properly cited.
The main scenario of this paper is to introduce a new sequence of Jacobsthal type having a generalized order j. Some basic
properties will be studied concerning it. Also, we will establish the generalized Binet formula.
1. Background and Introduction
The Fibonacci sequence is an integer sequence plays a vital
role for many fascinating identities. In nature, it shows its
presence, even if certain fruits are looked at, the number
of little bumps around each ring is counted or the sand
on the beach, and how waves hit it is watched out, the
Fibonacci sequence is seen there. It was studied by many
authors in the well-known systematic manner, and attrac-
tive investigations have been witnessed as can be seen in
[1–4]. Further, several recurrence sequences of natural
numbers have been object of study for many researchers.
Illustrations of these are the Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell, Pell-
Lucas, Modified Pell, Jacobsthal, and Jacobsthal-Lucas
sequences among others as can be seen in [5–12].
It is well known that the Jacobsthal numbers obey
attracting structure in many fields of science, engineering
and technology as can be seen in [13–15] and many
others. The authors in [16, 17] have defined the Jacobsthal
numbers J
n
by the following recurrence relation:
J
0
= 0, J
1
= 1, J
n+2
= J
n+1
+2 J
n
, n ≥ 0: ð1Þ
The author in [18] has shown that some interesting
properties of Fibonacci sequence can be obtained from a
matrix description. For a jth Fibonacci number v
j
, he
proved that for
A =
0 1
1 1
!
ð2Þ
that
A
n
0
1
!
=
v
n
v
n+1
!
: ð3Þ
It is obvious that the Jacobsthal sequence is a particu-
lar demonstration of a sequence given recursively as fol-
lows:
a
r+j
= c
0
a
r
+ c
1
a
r+1
+⋯+c
j−1
a
r+j−1
, ð4Þ
where c
0
, c
1
, ⋯, c
j−1
are real constants. The author in [10]
has determined a closed-form formula for the generalized
Hindawi
Journal of Function Spaces
Volume 2021, Article ID 2888840, 5 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2888840