Cyclodiphosphazane appended with pyridyl functionalities:
Reactivity, transition metal chemistry and structural studies
Guddekoppa S. Ananthnag
a
, Joel T. Mague
b
, Maravanji S. Balakrishna
a, *
a
Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
b
Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
article info
Article history:
Received 20 October 2014
Received in revised form
15 December 2014
Accepted 16 December 2014
Available online 24 December 2014
Keywords:
Cyclodiphosphazane
Multi dentate
Transition metal complex
Chelation
Coordination
X-ray structure
abstract
A pyridyl functionalized cyclodiphosphazane, cis-{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
(1) was synthesized by
reacting pyridine-2-methanol with cis-{(m-N
t
Bu)PCl}
2
. The reactions of cis-{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
with chalcogenides in appropriate stoichiometry afforded both mono and bis-chalcogenides. The
treatment of 1 with ML
2
Cl
2
(M ¼ Pd or Pt; L
2
¼ COD, (SMe
2
)
2
) in 1:1 molar ratios resulted in the for-
mation of mononuclear complexes, [MCl
2
{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
](8 M ¼ Pd; 9 M ¼ Pt), whereas the
1:2 reactions produced binuclear complexes [(MCl
2
)
2
{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
] (10 M ¼ Pd;
11 M ¼ Pt). The reaction of 1 with [Ru(h
6
-p-cymene)(m-Cl)Cl]
2
afforded [((h
6
-p-cymene)RuCl
2
)
2
{(m-N
t
Bu)
P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
](13). Reaction of [Rh(m-Cl)(COD)]
2
with 1 in a 1:2 molar ratio yielded the mono-
nuclear complex, [{(CO)RhCl}
2
{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
] (14), while the 1:1 reaction of [Rh(m-
Cl)(CO)
2
]
2
with 1 produced a binuclear complex [((CO)RhCl{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
](15). The
treatment of 1 with AuCl(SMe
2
) resulted in the formation of a binuclear complex [(AuCl)
2
{(m-N
t
Bu)
P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
](16). The reaction of 1 with 2 equiv of CuBr gave coordination polymer [{Cu(m-
Br)}
2
{(m-N
t
Bu)P(OCH
2
C
5
H
4
N-o)}
2
]
n
(17). The crystal structures of 5, 8e10, 13 and 17 were established by
single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
© 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Introduction
Hemilabile P,N donor ligands have received much attention due
mainly to the structural diversity of their metal complexes and
their usefulness in homogeneous catalysis [1e8]. These bidentate
ligands can show either monodenate (h
1
-P) or chelating (h
2
-N,P)
modes of coordination depending on the metal reagents and the
reactions conditions. The slight difference in the Lewis acidity of
donor atoms make them ideal suited for catalytic applications. The
selective dissociation of one of the donor atoms from the metal
center generates a vacant site on the metal for substrate coordi-
nation. They can temporarily stabilize the reactive and coor-
dinatively unsaturated intermediates during catalytic processes
[9,10]. In this context, a large number of hemilabile P,N ligands
have been developed and successfully employed in cross coupling
reactions [11,12], hydroformylation [13,14], hydrogenation [15,16]
and many other organic transformations [17e22].
The cyclodiphosphazanes or diazadiphosphetidienes are satu-
rated four-membered inorganic rings containing alternating
phosphorus and nitrogen atoms which generally show mono-
dentate and bridged bidentate modes of coordination. A chelating
mode of coordination is ruled out due to the rigid N
2
P
2
framework
as the lone pairs on the phosphorus atoms are disposed away from
each other. However, if donor functionalities are appended to the
N
2
P
2
rings, it is then possible to form up to two chelate rings
involving the ring phosphorus and the hetero donor atom on each
side. Beside this they can also exhibit various other coordination
modes [23e25]. In this context, we have synthesized several
cyclodiphosphazane derivatives and studied their extensive coor-
dination chemistry [26e29]. As an extension of our interest in
cyclodiphosphazane system, in this paper, we describe the transi-
tion metal complexes of cyclodiphosphazane appended with pyr-
idyl groups.
Results and discussion
The reaction of 2 equiv of pyridine-2-methanol with cis-{(m-
N
t
Bu)PCl}
2
in the presence of triethylamine yielded cis-{(m-N
t
Bu)
* Corresponding author. Fax: þ91 22 5172 3480/2576 7152.
E-mail addresses: krishna@chem.iitb.ac.in, msb_krishna@iitb.ac.in
(M.S. Balakrishna).
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jorganchem
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.12.022
0022-328X/© 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 779 (2015) 45e54