385
Abbreviations:
FL, follicular lymphoma; DLBCL/HGBL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade
B-cell lymphoma; AUC, area under the curve; FC, flow cytometry; LN, lymph
node; PE, phycoerythrin; MFIr, median fluorescence intensity ratio; FS, forward
scatter; SS, side light scatter; FSr, FS ratio; SSr, SS ratio; ROC, receiver operating
characteristic; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; Sens, sensitivity;
Spec, specificity; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.
1
Department of Laboratory Hematology, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias
i Pujol, Institut de Recerca Josep Carreras, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
2
Department of Pathology, Hospital
Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona,
Spain
3
Clinical Laboratory ICS-Metropolitana Nord, Core-Hematology
Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
*To whom correspondence should be addressed.
msorigue@iconcologia.net
© American Society for Clinical Pathology 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
Flow Cytometry in the Differential Diagnosis
of CD10-Positive Nodal Lymphomas
Marc Sorigue, MD,
1
* Mireia Santos-Gomez, MD,
1
Martina Comes, MD,
1
Minerva Raya,
1
Sara Vergara,
1
Gustavo Tapia, MD, PhD,
2
José-Tomas Navarro, MD, PhD,
1
Cristian Morales-Indiano, MD,
3
Jordi Junca, MD, PhD
1
Laboratory Medicine 2020;51:385-393
DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz085
ABSTRACT
Background: Differences between follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL/HGBL) by
fow cytometry are underexplored.
Methods: We retrospectively assessed fow cytometry results from 191
consecutive lymph node biopsies diagnosed with FL or DLBCL/HGBL.
Results: The only parameters that differed between the 2 groups in
the derivation cohort were forward scatter and side scatter (P < 10
–6
;
area under the curve [AUC], 0.75–0.8) and %CD23 (P = .004; area
under the receiver characteristic operating curve, 0.64). However, since
light scatter characteristics did not distinguish between grade 3 FL and
DLBCL/HGBL, we set out to develop a model with high sensitivity for
the exclusion of the latter. Several models, including FS and %CD23,
were tested, and 2 models showed a sensitivity of >0.90, with negative
predictive values of ≥0.95, albeit with low specifcity (0.45 to 0.57).
Conclusion: Two simple models enable the exclusion of DLBCL/HGBL
with a high degree of confdence.
Keywords: CD10, fow cytometry, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large
B-cell lymphoma, high-grade B-cell lymphoma, light scatter
Flow cytometry (FC) is a rapid and reproducible tool to char-
acterize lymphoid populations reliably. Although the diagnosis
of lymphoma should be based on the histological analysis of
the specimen, FC has a relevant role in guiding the diagnostic
process, making it quicker and cheaper and offering clinicians
and patients an early clue into the fnal diagnosis.
CD10 is, alongside CD5, the antigen that guides the diagnostic
process of B cell disorders.
1
In lymph nodes (LN), it most
often (although not exclusively) suggests the presence of a
germinal-center derived malignancy. However, there are only a
few series examining the cytometric differences between the
most common entities within this group, follicular lymphoma
(FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell
lymphoma (DLBCL/HGBL).
2,3
Importantly, a key diagnostic
difference, the presence of LN follicles/follicular dendritic cells,
is not straightforwardly assessed by FC. This suggests that FC
may have a limited role to play in this differential diagnosis.
The purpose of this study was to interrogate a cohort of
patients with a diagnosis of germinal center-derived malig-
nancies for cytometric differences between FL and DLBCL/
HGBL.
Materials and Methods
Study Population
We screened all LN studies tested in our FC unit between
January 2011 and April 2019 and with a World Health
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