Molarization of the mandibular second premolars with concurrent dentin dysplasia: A rare case report Mahesh V. Dadpe 1 , Yogesh J. Kale 2 , Padmakar S. Patil 3 autosomal dominant characteristic. There are two types, type I is the radicular type, and type II is the coronal type. In the radicular type, the roots of teeth are shorter than normal and the pulp chamber may be absent. The pulp chamber is sometimes described as having a "crescent shaped" appearance. This paper describes an unusual case of bilateral morphological variation i.e. molarization of the second mandibular premolars with type I dentin dysplasia. Case Report A 13-year-old male patient reported to the Department of Pedodontics, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, with chief complaint of broken tooth in the upper front side. On clinical examination we revealed fractured and discolored 21. Patient did not give history of any general medical illness.Radiographic examination of 21 revealed open apex with periapical radiolucency. Intraoral examination revealed the presence of all teeth except third molars, second mandibular premolars on both sides were having molariform appearance and a greater mesiodistal diameter than the first premolar. These teeth were having three vestibular and two lingual cusps (fig.1). As described in the literature, this constituted as molarization of the premolar. [4, 5] The second premolar on right side had greater buccolingual and mesiodistal diameter as compared to second premolar on left side. Severe anterior crowding appeared in the lower arch. Both second mandibular premolars were in good condition with healthy gingiva, and without any sign of mobility. The second premolar on right side had deep fissures on lingual side. Clinical and radiographical examination of the patient's parents and siblings did not reveal presence of any such abnormality, and there were no previous cases of this disturbance in the family. Introduction When tooth size and morphology are analyzed, a range exists within which a particular tooth will be found. Teeth occur in widely varying sizes and shapes that do not always correspondent to accepted descriptions. When dental size and anatomy present characteristics that deviate from what is supposed to be accepted range of normality, they are termed anomalies. [1] Mandibular second premolar has shown an elevated variability of crown morphology. [2] The anatomy of this tooth is particularly unpredictable, as are its eruptive potential and position in the dental arch. [3] The mandibular second premolar may present another extremely infrequent anomaly: molarization. [4,5] This molar- like morphology of the premolar consists of three buccal cusps and three, two, one, or no lingual cusps. Dentin dysplasia (DD) is a rare disturbance of dentin formation characterized by normal enamel but atypical dentin formation with abnormal pulpal morphology. The first description of the disease was put forward in 1920 by Ballschmiede who described this phenomenon as rootless teeth. [6] Rushton in 1939 described this condition as dentin dysplasia. [7] Dentin dysplasia, a hereditary disease, is transmitted as an autosomal dominant characteristic. There are two IJCD • NOVEMBER, 2010 • 1(2) © 2010 Int. Journal of Contemporary Dentistry This paper presents a rare case of bilateral macrodontia with dentin dysplasia. The case presented as molar like appearance of the second mandibular premolars which appeared radiographically as rootless tooth on one side and with a short, conical root on the other. Appropriate preventive therapy is recommanded to increase the life of such teeth in the oral cavity. KEY WORDS: Macrodontia, molarization, rootless teeth, dentin dysplasia. 66 ABSTRACT CASE REPORT