www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org DISTRIBUTION AND COMPARATIVE DIVERSITY OF NEMATOCERA WITHIN FOUR LIVESTOCK TYPES IN THE PLAIN OF MITIDJA ALGERIA NEBRI RACHID 1 , BERROUANE FATIMA 2 & DOUMANDJI SALAH EDDINE 3 1 Institute Des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université De Blida1, BP270, Route De Soumaa, Blida, Algérie 2,3 Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Rue Hassen Badi Belfort El Harrach, Alger, Algérie ABSTRACT During six months, from November 2013 to May 2014, census of Nematocera insects was conducted on four livestock: cattle, sheep, equine and cameline. The census, that took place in a station located in Mitidja plain – Algeria, revealed thirteen Nematocera species that had been observed and identified: Scatopse notata, Chironomus sp, Sciara bicolor, Psychoda phalaenoïdes, Culex pipiens, Orthocladius sp, Psycoda alternata, Trichocera regelationis, Culicoïdes sp, Contarinia sp, Ectaetia sp, Tipula sp, and Culicoïdes coprosus. A factorial correspondence analysis has been performed to study the distribution of the different species captured in colored traps that were placed in the four farms. The results showed the presence of three collections of Nematocera relating to the breeding type where the highest availability is in favor of the equine and the cattle . The analysis of the comparative diversity of Nematocera specimens revealed an indifferent taxonomic structure compared with the hosts. However, in terms of individuals, the supremacy is to the equine’s advantage. On the ecological arrival scale, Psycoda alternata, is undeniably the most predominant on the equines as well as on the cattle. KEYWORDS: Algeria, Availability, Biodiversity, Census, Livestock, Nematocera INTRODUCTION Nematocera insects are vectors of viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and helminthes (CALLOT et HELLUY, 1958). The transmitted microorganisms cause various diseases in humans like malaria, yellow fever, and leishmaniasis; and also in animals, like leishmaniasis and the filariasis. Among the Nematocera, the Ceratopogonidae can inoculate some arboviruses to cattle, sheep and goats; and lead to remarkable economic losses (BALENGHIEN; and al , 2012). In fact, bluetongue disease arbovirus, is the cause of a serious deadly infection in wild and domestic ruminants like sheep (RODHAIN and PEREZ, 1985). In Algeria, not many researches were undertaken on livestock-infesting flies; nevertheless, those taken on Diptera, in Tizi-Ouzou region, are of medical-veterinary interest (BRAHMI, 2013). This study is about mosquitoes in general, but it particularly focuses on some aspects of the Nematocera’s biosystematics and bio-ecology in the cattle, sheep, equine and cameline farms located in Mitidja plain, Algeria. This choice is a consequence of the problems caused by several Nematocera species regarding human and animal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to collect the maximum of individuals, in terms of quantity and quality, from the four livestock types, we used a sampling method that consists of trapping the arthropods in yellow plates. International Journal of Zoology and Research (IJZR) ISSN(P): 2278-8816; ISSN(E): 2278-8824 Vol. 4, Issue 4, Aug 2014, 67-78 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.